ORAGE, ALFRED RICHARD

born Jan. 22, 1873, Dacre, Yorkshire, Eng. died Nov. 6, 1934, London original name Alfred James Orage influential English editor and social thinker. Orage became an elementary school teacher at Leeds, Yorkshire, in 1893, lectured on theosophy, and in 1900 helped found the avant-garde Leeds Arts Club. He moved to London in 1906 and became joint editor in 1907 of The New Age, a periodical of which from 1909 on he was the sole editor and dominant spirit. The New Age became a forum for the views of progressive journalists and published the work of many writers who later became famous. A diverse corps of political writers and literary figures crystallized around Orage, who edited the journal until 1922. After World War I Orage became a supporter of the Social Credit theories of Clifford Douglas, who advocated government-created consumer credit to make up for what he believed to be a permanent deficiency in purchasing power. Orage also became a pupil of the Russian mystic Georgy Gurdjieff. In 1930 Orage established The New English Weekly as the organ of the Social Credit movement. Orage wrote Nietzsche in Outline and Aphorism (1907), Friedrich Nietzsche: The Dionysian Spirit of the Age (1911), Readers and Writers (1922), and Social Credit and the Fear of Leisure (1935). Political and Economic Writings (1935) was a posthumous collection.