REINHARDT, DJANGO

born Jan. 23, 1910, Liberchies, Belg. died May 16, 1953, Fontainebleau, France Django Reinhardt (centre) and Stephane Grappelli, of the Quintet de Hot Club de France, c. original name Jean-baptiste Reinhardt guitarist who is generally considered one of the few European jazz musicians of true originality. Reinhardt, who was of Gypsy parentage, traveled through France and Belgium as a boy and young man learning to play the violin, guitar, and banjo. The loss of the use of two fingers of his left hand after a caravan fire in 1928 did not impair his remarkable aptitude for the guitar. In 1934 he became coleader, with violinist Stphane Grappelli, of the Quintette du Hot Club de France, a group whose many records are greatly prized by connoisseurs. In his only visit to the United States, in 1946, Reinhardt toured with the Duke Ellington orchestra. For most of his career Reinhardt played in the swing style that reached its peak of popularity in the 1930s. Perhaps his most lasting influence on jazz was the introduction of solos based on melodic improvisation, at a time when guitarists generally played chorded solos. His inimitable improvisations, particularly those in slow tempos, were often a curious but beguiling blend of Gypsy and jazz sounds. Among his guitar compositions transposed into orchestral works are Nuages and Manoir des mes rves. Additional reading C. Delaunay, Django Reinhardt (1961, reprinted 1982).