STATISTICS: BAHRAIN

Bahrain Official name: Dawlat al-Bahrayn (State of Bahrain). Form of government: monarchy (emirate){1}. Chief of state: Emir. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Manama. Official language: Arabic. Official religion: Islam. Monetary unit: 1 Bahrain dinar (BD) = 1,000 fils; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 BD = U.S.$2.65 = 1.54. Demography Population (1998): 633,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 2,361.9, persons per sq km 911.8. Urban-rural (1995): urban 90.3%; rural 9.7%. Sex distribution (1994): male 57.78%; female 42.22%. Age breakdown (1994): under 15, 31.5%; 15-29, 25.5%; 30-44, 30.8%; 45-59, 8.5%; 60-74, 3.0%; 75 and over, 0.6%. Population projection: (2000) 660,000; (2010) 780,000. Doubling time: 32 years. Ethnic composition (1991): Bahraini Arab 63.6%; Persian, Indian, Pakistani, and other Asians 30.3%; other Arab 3.5%; European 1.2%; other 1.4%. Religious affiliation (1991): Muslim 81.8%, of which Shi'i 61.3%, Sunni 20.5%; Christian 8.5%; other 9.7%. Major cities (1991): Manama (1992) 140,401; Ar-Rifa' 45,956; Al-Muharraq 45,337; Madinat 'Isa 34,509. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1994): 27.4 (world avg. 25.0); legitimate 100%. Death rate per 1,000 population (1994): 5.4 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1994): 22.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1994): 3.6. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1993): 6.4. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1993): 1.3. Life expectancy at birth (1994): male 69.0 years; female 72.4 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1991): diseases of the circulatory system 100.4; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 34.1; diseases of the respiratory system 29.7; accidents and violence 28.5; endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 17.4; congenital anomalies 13.8. National economy Budget (1996). Revenue: BD 633,300,000 ( entrepreneurial and property income 57.7%, import duties 8.4%, foreign grants 6.7%). Expenditures: BD 627,300,000 ( general administration and public order 28.5%, defense 17.3%, education 13.4%, fuel and energy 9.6%, health 9.3%, transportation and communications 9.0%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1991): U.S.$1,810,000,000{2}. Population economically active (1991): total 226,448; activity rate of total population 44.6% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 66.1%; female 17.5%; unemployed c. 30%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1997): fruit (excluding melons) 25,095, cow's milk 20,000, dates 20,000, tomatoes 5,000, hen's eggs 3,050; livestock (number of live animals) 29,400 sheep, 18,000 goats, 16,500 cattle; fish catch (1994) 9,031. Manufacturing (barrels; 1994): gas oil 28,900,000; fuel oil 20,900,000; kerosene 10,400,000; gasoline 7,700,000; jet fuel 7,100,000; naphtha 1,860,000; propane 1,500,000; butane 1,190,000; aluminum (1996) 461,200 metric tons. Construction (permits issued; 1991): residential 5,931; nonresidential 718. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 4,550,000,000 (4,550,000,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1996) 14,124,000 ( 89,516,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1996) 13,100,000 (538,000); natural gas (cu m; 1996) 10,210,000,000 (10,210,000,000). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$4,693,000,000 (U.S.$7,840 per capita). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1991) 5.8; income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a.; expenditure (1984): food and tobacco 33.3%, housing 21.2%, household durable goods 9.8%, transportation and communications 8.5%, recreation 6.4%, clothing and footwear 5.9%, education 2.7%, health 2.3%, energy and water 2.2%. Land use (1994): meadows and pastures 5.8%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 2.9%; built-on and wasteland 91.3%. Tourism (1995): receipts from visitors U.S.$288,000,000; expenditures by nationals abroad U.S.$163,000,000. Foreign trade Imports (1995): BD 1,397,100,000 (crude petroleum products 35.8%, transport equipment and machines 16.0%, food and live animals 9.3%, chemicals 8.9%). Major import sources: United States 8.3%; United Kingdom 5.9%; Saudi Arabia 4.9%; Australia 4.8%; Japan 4.1%; Germany 4.0%. Exports (1995): BD 1,546,400,000 (petroleum products 59.7%, basic manufactured goods 27.3%). Major export destinations: Saudi Arabia 6.1%; South Korea 3.8%; Japan 3.5%; United States 3.2; India 2.5%. Transport Transport. Railroads: none. Roads (1995): total length 2,835 km (paved 74.6%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 141,901; trucks and buses 29,584. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 87; total deadweight tonnage 192,487. Air transport (1996){3}: passenger-km 2,758,800,000; metric ton-km cargo 105,754,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 1. Education and health Educational attainment (1991). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal education 38.4%; primary education 26.2%; secondary 25.1%; higher 10.3%. Literacy (1995): percentage of population age 15 and over literate 85.2%; males literate 89.1%; females literate 79.4%. Health (1993): physicians 482 (1 per 1,115 persons); hospital beds 1,529 (1 per 352 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1994) 23.8. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 11,000 (army 77.3%, navy 9.1%, air force 13.6%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 5.4% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$473. {1} Appointed 40-member Consultative Council is an advisory body only. {2} Includes long-term private debt not guaranteed by the government. {3} One-fourth apportionment of international flights of Gulf Air (jointly administered by the governments of Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates).