STATISTICS: BOLIVIA

Bolivia Official name: Repblica de Bolivia (Republic of Bolivia). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with two legislative houses (Chamber of Senators ; Chamber of Deputies ). Head of state and government: President. Capitals: La Paz (administrative); Sucre (judicial). Official languages: Spanish; Aymara; Quechua. Official religion: Roman Catholicism. Monetary unit: 1 boliviano (Bs) = 100 centavos; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Bs 5.57; 1 = Bs 9.48. Demography Population (1998): 7,957,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 18.8, persons per sq km 7.2. Urban-rural (1997): urban 61.2%; rural 38.8%. Sex distribution (1997): male 49.68%; female 50.32%. Age breakdown (1995): under 15, 40.6%; 15-29, 27.5%; 30-44, 16.3%; 45-59, 9.6%; 60-74, 5.0%; 75 and over, 1.0%. Population projection: (2000) 8,329,000; (2010) 10,229,000. Doubling time: 29 years. Ethnic composition (1996): Indian 55.0%; mestizo 30.0%; white 15.0%. Religious affiliation (1995): Roman Catholic 88.5%; Protestant 9.0%; other 2.5%. Major cities (1993): La Paz 784,976; Santa Cruz 767,260; Cochabamba 448,756; El Alto 446,189; Oruro 201,831; Sucre 144,994. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 33.5 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 9.2 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 24.3 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 4.4. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1980): 4.8. Life expectancy at birth (1997): male 59.6 years; female 62.9 years. Major causes of death (percentage of total registered deaths; 1980-81): infectious and parasitic diseases 23.9%; diseases of the circulatory system 19.5%; diseases of the respiratory system 14.0%; accidents, homicides, and violence 9.8%; diseases of the digestive system 8.6%. National economy Budget (1995). Revenue: Bs 5,256,100,000 (taxes on goods and services 39.5%, income of government enterprises 24.6%, property taxes 10.2%, taxes on international trade 6.7%, social security contributions 6.5%, income taxes 2.5%). Expenditures: Bs 6,801,600,000 (education 19.3%, social security 16.0%, public services 14.0%, transportation and communications 12.3%, defense 8.4%, public order and safety 8.1%, health 6.2%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): sugarcane 4,120,000, soybeans 862,000, potatoes 715,000, corn (maize) 613,000, bananas and plantains 495,000, rice 344,000, cassava 311,000, wheat 99,000, coffee 22,000; livestock (number of live animals) 8,039,000 sheep, 6,118,000 cattle, 2,482,000 pigs, 1,496,000 goats, 631,000 asses, 322,000 horses; roundwood (1995) 2,208,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 6,308. Mining and quarrying (metric tons of pure metal; 1996): zinc 144,764; lead 16,538; tin 14,778; silver 384; gold 14.9. Manufacturing (value added in U.S.$'000; 1994): petroleum products 375; food products 169; beverages 99; nonmetal mineral products 36; textiles 23; printing and publishing 19; nonferrous metals 18. Construction (1985){1}: residential dwellings 226. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 2,876,000,000 (2,892,000,000); coal, none (none); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 8,937,000 (9,268,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 1,183,000 (1,257,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 3,425,000,000 (1,159,000,000). Population economically active (1992): total 2,530,409; activity rate of total population 33.6% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 63.6%; female 39.0%; unemployed 2.5%). Gross national product (at current market prices; 1996): U.S.$6,302,000,000 (U.S.$830 per capita). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$4,238,000,000. Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1992): 3.8; average annual income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a.; expenditure (1988): food 35.5%, transportation and communications 17.7%, housing 14.8%, household durable goods 7.3%, clothing and footwear 5.1%, beverages and tobacco 4.5%, recreation 2.7%, health 2.1%, education 0.3%. Tourism (1995): receipts from visitors U.S.$146,000,000; expenditures by nationals abroad U.S.$148,000,000. Land use (1994): forested 53.5%; meadows and pastures 24.4%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 2.2%; other 19.9%. Foreign trade{2} Imports (1996): U.S.$1,635,023,000 (capital goods 39.1%, of which capital goods for industry 22.0%, transport equipment 15.9%; raw materials 36.8%, of which raw materials for industry 26.5%; consumer goods 21.2%, of which durable consumer goods 10.7%, nondurable consumer goods 10.5%). Major import sources (1995): United States 18.2%; Brazil 14.5%; Japan 13.8%; Argentina 10.4%; Chile 7.5%; Peru 5.0%; Germany 4.7%. Exports (1996): U.S.$1,295,308,000 (soybeans 15.5%; zinc 11.7%; petroleum 10.9%; gold 9.7%; natural gas 7.3%; tin 6.4%; timber 6.4%; silver 4.9%). Major export destinations (1995): U.S. 23.3%; U.K. 15.1%; Peru 14.2%; Argentina 12.0%; Germany 5.4%; The Netherlands 4.3%; France 3.6%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1993): route length 2,295 mi, 3,694 km; passenger-mi 216,800,000, passenger-km 348,900,000; short ton-mi cargo 521,900,000, metric ton-km cargo 761,900,000. Roads (1995): total length 34,478 mi, 55,487 km (paved 5%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 213,666; trucks and buses 133,984. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 1; total deadweight tonnage 15,765. Air transport (1996): passenger-mi 912,000,000, passenger-km 1,468,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 31,655,000, metric ton-km cargo 46,216,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 14. Education and health Educational attainment (1992). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 23.3%; some primary 20.3%; primary education 21.7%; some secondary 9.0%; secondary 6.5%; some higher 5.0%; higher 4.8%; not specified 9.4%. Literacy (1992): total population age 15 and over literate 79.5%; males literate 87.7%; females literate 71.8%. Health (1994): physicians 1,976 (1 per 3,663 persons); hospital beds 7,203 (1 per 1,005 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1997) 67. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,192 (vegetable products 83%, animal products 17%); 92% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 33,500 (army 74.6%, navy 13.4%, air force 12.0%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 2.3% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$18. {1} National government sponsored only. {2} Import figures are f.o.b. in balance of trade and c.i.f. for commodities and trading partners.