STATISTICS: GREECE

Greece Official name: Ellinik Dhimokrata (Hellenic Republic). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (Greek Chamber of Deputies ). Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Athens. Official language: Greek. Official religion: Eastern Orthodox. Monetary unit: 1 drachma (Dr) = 100 lepta; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Dr 290.03; 1 = Dr 493.78. Demography Population (1998): 10,542,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 206.9, persons per sq km 79.9. Urban-rural (1996): urban 65.7%; rural 34.3%. Sex distribution (1996): male 49.23%; female 50.77%. Age breakdown (1995): under 15, 17.1%; 15-29, 22.6%; 30-44, 20.8%; 45-59, 18.1%; 60-74, 15.4%; 75 and over, 6.0%. Population projection: (2000) 10,566,000; (2010) 10,869,000. Doubling time: not applicable; doubling time exceeds 100 years. Ethnic composition (1995{1}): Greek 98.5%; Turkish 0.9%; other 0.6%. Religious affiliation (1995): Christian 95.2%, of which Eastern Orthodox 94.0, Protestant 0.6%, Roman Catholic 0.5%; Muslim 1.3%; other 3.5%. Major cities (1991): Athens 772,072; Thessalonki 383,967; Piraeus (Piraivs) 182,671; Ptrai 152,570; Peristrion 137,288. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 9.7 (world avg. 25.0); (1995) legitimate 97.0%; illegitimate 3.0%. Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 9.6 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): 0.1 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1993): 1.4. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1995): 6.1. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1994): 0.7. Life expectancy at birth (1990): male 74.6 years; female 79.4 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1995): diseases of the circulatory system 491.3, of which cerebrovascular disease 181.9, ischemic heart disease 121.3; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 210.6; respiratory disease 55.1, of which pneumonia 33.7, bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma 16.5. National economy Budget (1996). Revenue: Dr 14,578,000,000,000{2} (indirect and excise taxes 30.2%, direct taxes 16.6%, European Community 5.3%). Expenditures: Dr 14,590,553,000,000 (1994; health and social insurance 5.5%, defense 4.0%, education and culture 3.4%, police and justice systems 1.5%). Public debt (1996): U.S.$27,180,000,000. Tourism (1996): receipts U.S.$3,684,100,000; expenditures U.S.$1,176,800,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1997): sugar beets 3,500,000, corn (maize) 2,045,000, wheat 2,016,000, tomatoes 1,903,500, olives 1,600,000, grapes 1,226,800, potatoes 1,050,000, oranges 950,000, peaches and nectarines 530,000, barley 357,000, apples 280,000, cabbages 280,000, rice 230,000, cucumbers 170,000; livestock (number of live animals) 9,606,000 sheep, 5,847,000 goats, 951,000 pigs, 600,000 cattle, 28,500,000 chickens; roundwood (1996) 2,006,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 198,217. Mining and quarrying (1996): bauxite 1,881,000; zinc 13,000{3}; lead 11,000{3}; chromium ore 5,650{3}{4}. Manufacturing (value added in Dr '000,000; 1995): food, beverages, and tobacco 694,431; chemicals 402,133; textiles 257,555; paper and printing 208,696; transport equipment 148,767; clothing and footwear 137,524. Construction (value of completed buildings in Dr; 1994): residential 801,300,000; nonresidential 31,004,400,000. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 40,623,000,000 (41,005,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 56,741,000 (59,569,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 3,589,000 (102,721,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 15,078,000 (14,311,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 55,047,000 (55,047,000). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1993-94) 2.9; income per household Dr 3,900,000 (U.S.$15,660); sources of income (1994): property and entrepreneurial income 54.5%, wages and salaries 27.9%, transfer payments 17.6%; expenditure: food 35.7%, transportation 14.7%, clothing and footwear 13.0%, housing 8.6%, education 6.5%, other 21.5%. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$120,021,000,000 (U.S.$8,210 per capita). Population economically active (1995): total 4,248,500; activity rate of total population 40.6% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 60.7%; female 38.1%; unemployed 10.0%). Land use (1994): forest 20.3%; pasture 40.7%; agriculture 27.2%; other 11.8%. Foreign trade{5} Imports (1995): Dr 5,908,368,000,000 (machinery and transport equipment 32.5%; food 14.0%, of which meat products 4.0%, dairy products 2.2%; chemical products 8.9%; crude petroleum 5.1%). Major import sources: Germany 17.9%; Italy 15.7%; U.S. 9.0%; France 8.2%; U.K. 6.9%; The Netherlands 6.6%. Exports (1995): Dr 2,540,891,000,000 (textiles 25.8%; food 25.6%; petroleum products 8.5%; minerals 3.7%; cotton 3.7%). Major export destinations: Germany 27.7%; U.S. 17.7%; Italy 8.4%; U.K. 6.6%; France 6.6%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1994): route length 1,537 mi, 2,474 km; passenger-mi 869,300,000, passenger-km 1,399,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 210,000,000, metric ton-km cargo 307,000,000. Roads (1995): total length 72,350 mi, 116,440 km (paved 92%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 2,204,761; trucks and buses 908,423. Merchant marine (1995): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 2,128; total deadweight tonnage 29,863,000. Air transport (1995): passenger-mi 4,936,800,000, passenger-km 7,945,008,000; short ton-mi cargo 80,370,000, metric ton-km cargo 117,338,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 36. Education and health Educational attainment (1991). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling (illiterate) 6.8%; some primary education 10.6%; completed primary 39.7%; lower secondary 10.8%; higher secondary 20.6%; some postsecondary 4.9%; a degree from institution of higher education 6.6%. Literacy (1991): total population age 15 and over literate 7,870,000 (95.2%); males literate 3,900,000 (97.7%); females literate 3,970,000 (93.0%). Health: physicians (1994) 40,487 (1 per 258 persons); hospital beds (1993) 52,144 (1 per 199 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1996) 8.1. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 3,815 (vegetable products 78%, animal products 22%); 142% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 162,300 (army 71.5%, navy 12.0%, air force 16.5%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 5.5% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$482. {1} Greek government states there are no ethnic divisions in Greece. {2} Includes Dr 5,633,000,000,000 of domestic borrowing. {3} Metal content of ore. {4} 1994. {5} Imports c.i.f.; exports f.o.b.