STATISTICS: INDONESIA

Indonesia Official name: Republik Indonesia (Republic of Indonesia). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with two legislative houses (House of People's Representatives ; People's Consultative Assembly ). Head of state and government: President. Capital: Jakarta. Official language: Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia). Official religion: monotheism. Monetary unit: 1 Indonesian rupiah (Rp) = 100 sen; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Rp 10,850; 1 = Rp 18,472. Demography Population (1998): 202,957,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 273.9, persons per sq km 105.7. Urban-rural (1997): urban 37.0%; rural 63.0%. Sex distribution (1990): male 49.88%; female 50.12%. Age breakdown (1990): under 15, 36.5%; 15-29, 28.3%; 30-44, 18.1%; 45-59, 10.7%; 60-74, 5.3%; 75 and over, 1.1%. Population projection: (2000) 209,342,000; (2010) 237,973,000. Ethnolinguistic composition (1990): Javanese 39.4%; Sundanese 15.8%; Indonesian (Malay) 12.1%; Madurese 4.3%; Minang 2.4%; other 26.0%. Religious affiliation (1990): Muslim 87.2%; Christian 9.6%, of which Roman Catholic 3.6%; Hindu 1.8%; Buddhist 1.0%; other 0.4%. Major cities (1990): Jakarta 8,259,266; Surabaya 2,421,016; Bandung 2,026,893. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 22.4 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 7.9 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 14.5 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 2.6. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1993-94): 7.8{3}. Life expectancy at birth (1997): male 63.0 years; female 66.0 years. Major causes of death (percent distribution, 1986): infectious and parasitic diseases 43.5%; diseases of the respiratory system 21.9%; cardiovascular diseases 9.7%; diseases of the nervous system 6.0%. National economy Budget (1997-98). Revenue: RP 88,061,000,000,000 (income tax 33.1%, value-added tax 27.9%, oil and gas revenues 16.9%, nontax revenue 9.6%, excise taxes 5.0%). Expenditures: RP 89,391,000,000,000 (general public services 33.7%, transfers and subsidies 13.1%, debt repayment 8.4%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$60,108,000,000. Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$5,228,000,000; expenditures U.S.$2,172,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): rice 51,165,000, sugarcane 32,053,000, cassava 16,000,000, maize 8,925,000, palm oil 4,998,000, natural rubber 1,578,000; livestock (number of live animals) 14,323,000 goats, 11,930,000 cattle, 7,684,000 sheep, 3,140,000 buffalo; roundwood (1995) 185,895,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 4,118,000. Mining and quarrying (1996): nickel ore 3,400,000; copper concentrate 1,760,000; bauxite 820,000; gold 83,660 kg. Manufacturing (value added in RP '000,000,000; 1994){4}: textiles 8,055.4; transport equipment 6,796.7; tobacco products 6,194.6; food products 5,293.3; wood products 5,240.0. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 61,370,000,000 (61,370,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 28,549,000 (3,461,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 561,265,000 (308,820,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 44,888,000 (36,428,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 59,532,000,000 (23,191,000,000). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$213,384,000,000 (U.S.$1,080 per capita). Population economically active: total (1995): 86,361,300; activity rate 44.3% (participation rates: over age 10, 56.6%; unemployed 7.2%). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1995) 4.3; income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a. Foreign trade{5} Imports (1996): U.S.$42,929,000,000 (machinery and transport equipment 40.8%, basic manufactures 15.4%, chemicals 14.0%, mineral fuels 8.5%, crude materials 8.1%). Major import sources: Japan 19.8%; U.S. 11.8%; Germany 7.0%; Singapore 6.7%. Exports (1996): U.S.$49,814,000,000 (crude petroleum 11.5%, natural gas 9.0%, plywood 7.2%, garments 7.2%, processed rubber 4.5%). Major export destinations: Japan 25.9%; U.S. 13.6%; Singapore 9.2%; Netherlands 3.3%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1994): route length 6,583 km; passenger-km (1996) 15,924,000,000; metric ton-km cargo (1996) 3,912,000,000. Roads (1995): length 372,414 km (paved 47%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 2,107,299; trucks and buses 2,024,702. Air transport (1995): passenger-km 14,330,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 606,848,000; airports (1996) 81. Education and health Educational attainment (1990). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no schooling 34.6%; less than complete primary 28.2%; primary 23.3%; secondary 12.5%; higher 1.4%. Literacy (1995 est.): total population age 15 and over literate 83.8%; males literate 89.6%; females literate 78.0%. Health (1994): physicians 28,989 (1 per 6,570 persons); hospital beds 116,847 (1 per 1,630 persons); infant mortality rate (1997) 51. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,732 (vegetable products 95%, animal products 5%); 126% of FAO recommended minimum. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 284,000 (army 77.5%, navy 15.1%, air force 7.4%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.8% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$18. {1} Includes 55 nonelective seats reserved for the military. {2} Includes the 480 members of the House of People's Representatives plus 500 other delegates. {3} Muslim population only. {4} Medium and large manufacturing establishments only. {5} Imports and exports are f.o.b. in balance of trade.