STATISTICS: KENYA

Kenya Official name: Jamhuri ya Kenya (Swahili); Republic of Kenya (English). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (National Assembly ). Head of state and government: President. Capital: Nairobi. Official languages: Swahili; English. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 Kenya shilling{2} (K Sh) = 100 cents; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = K Sh 60.23; 1 = K Sh 102.54. Demography Population (1998): 28,337,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 126.0, persons per sq km 48.6. Urban-rural (1995): urban 20.4%; rural 79.6%. Sex distribution (1997): male 49.99%; female 50.01%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 51.3%; 15-29, 26.5%; 30-44, 12.7%; 45-59, 6.3%; 60-74, 2.7%; 75 and over, 0.5%. Population projection: (2000) 29,251,000; (2010) 32,443,000. Doubling time: 33 years. Ethnic composition (1989): Kikuyu 17.7%; Luhya 12.4%; Luo 10.6%; Kalenjin 9.8%; Kamba 9.8%; other 39.7%. Religious affiliation (1995): Christian 63.7%, of which Protestant 28.2%, Roman Catholic 19.5%, other Christian (mostly African Indigenous, Anglican, Eastern Orthodox) 16.0%; Muslim 6.0%; other 30.3%. Major cities (1989): Nairobi 1,504,900{3}; Mombasa 465,000; Kisumu 185,100; Nakuru 162,800; Machakos 92,300{4}. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 32.4 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 10.8 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): 21.6 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 4.3. Life expectancy at birth (1996): male 54.2 years; female 54.6 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population: n.a.; however, major infectious diseases include AIDS, malaria, gastroenteritis, venereal diseases, diarrhea and dysentery, trachoma, amebiasis, and schistosomiasis. National economy Budget (1995-96). Revenue: K Sh 151,316,000,000 (goods and services 34.5%, income tax 31.7%, custom and excise duties 14.0%). Expenditures: K Sh 152,555,000,000 (recurrent expenditure 79.6%, development expenditure 20.4%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): sugarcane 4,810,000, corn (maize) 2,223,000, cassava 860,000, sweet potatoes 635,000, plantains 370,000, wheat 350,000, pineapples 270,000, pulses 270,000, tea 255,000, bananas 220,000, potatoes 205,000, sorghum 140,000, coffee 98,000, barley 65,000, millet 59,000, coconuts 43,000, sisal 34,000, tomatoes 32,000, cashew nuts 15,000, sunflower seeds 15,000, seed cotton 12,000, tobacco 10,000, cotton seeds 8,000; livestock (number of live animals) 13,800,000 cattle, 7,400,000 goats, 5,600,000 sheep; roundwood (1995) 41,696,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 241,064, of which freshwater fish 95.3%. Mining and quarrying (1995): soda ash 218,450; fluorite 80,230; salt 71,400. Manufacturing (value added in K'000{2}; 1994): food products 639,000; machinery and transport equipment 233,000; beverages and tobacco 190,000; chemical products 168,000; metal products 125,000; paper and paper products 87,000; plastic products 65,000; clothing and footwear 55,000. Construction (1990): residential 411,000 sq m; nonresidential 182,000 sq m. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 3,538,000,000 (3,802,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) none (109,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) none (15,928,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 1,949,000 (1,680,000). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$5,647,000,000. Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1980) 6.2; average annual income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a.; expenditure (1980): food 46.5%, housing 10.0%, furniture and utensils 9.4%, transportation 8.4%, clothing and footwear 7.7%, energy 2.6%, health 2.2%. Tourism (1995): receipts from visitors U.S.$454,000,000; expenditures by nationals abroad U.S.$135,000,000. Population economically active (1992): total 10,633,000; activity rate of total population 41.1% (participation rates : ages 15-64, 76.2%; female 40.9%; unemployed, n.a.). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$8,661,000,000 (U.S.$320 per capita). Land use (1994): forest 29.5%; pasture 37.4%; agriculture 8.0%; other 25.1%. Foreign trade{5} Imports (1995): U.S.$3,065,000 (machinery and transport equipment 35.4%, chemical products 17.6%, petroleum and petroleum products 13.4%, food and beverages 4.4%). Major import sources: United Kingdom 12.4%; United Arab Emirates 8.9%; Japan 8.6%; India 7.5%; South Africa 7.4%; Germany 6.0%; Italy 5.2%; United States 3.6%; Saudi Arabia 2.0%. Exports (1995): U.S.$1,873,100,000 (tea 17.6%, coffee [not roasted] 15.1%, fruits and vegetables 5.0%, petroleum products 5.0%, cement 1.8%, hides and skins 1.1%, soda ash 1.1%). Major export destinations: United Kingdom 11.9%; Germany 9.3%; Uganda 8.7%; Tanzania 7.1%; Pakistan 5.7%; The Netherlands 5.2%; United States 5.1%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1993): route length 1,885 mi, 3,034 km; passenger-mi 288,000,000, passenger-km 464,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 898,600,000, metric ton-km cargo 1,312,000,000. Roads (1995): total length 39,558 mi, 63,663 km (paved 14%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 271,000; trucks and buses 75,900. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 29; total deadweight tonnage 11,649. Air transport (1996){6}: passenger-mi 1,141,800,000, passenger-km 1,837,553,000; short ton-mi cargo 32,746,000, metric ton-km cargo 47,809,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 11. Education and health Educational attainment (1979). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 58.6%; primary education 32.2%; some secondary 7.9%; complete secondary and higher 1.3%. Literacy (1995): total population over age 15 literate 78.1%; males literate 86.3%; females literate 70.0%. Health (1994): physicians 4,558 (1 per 5,999 persons); hospital beds 37,271 (1 per 734 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1996): 55.2. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 1,991 (vegetable products 88%, animal products 12%); 86% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1996): 24,200 (army 84.7%, navy 5.0%, air force 10.3%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 2.3% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$6. {1} Includes 14 nonelective seats. {2} Kenya pound (K) as a unit of account equals 20 K Sh. {3} 1990. {4} 1983. {5} Import figures are f.o.b. in balance of trade and c.i.f. in commodities and trading partners. {6} Kenya Airways only.