STATISTICS: MOLDOVA

Moldova Official name: Republica Moldova (Republic of Moldova). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with a single legislative body (Parliament ). Head of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Chisinau. Official language: Romanian{1}. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 Moldovan leu (plural lei) = 100 bani; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) free rate, 1 U.S.$ = 4.95 Moldovan lei; 1 = 8.43 Moldovan lei. Demography Population (1998): 4,243,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 326.4, persons per sq km 125.9. Urban-rural (1995): urban 46.8%; rural 53.2%. Sex distribution (1995): male 47.76%; female 52.24%. Age breakdown (1989): under 15, 27.9%; 15-29, 22.9%; 30-44, 21.0%; 45-59, 15.6%; 60-74, 9.7%; 75 and over, 2.9%. Population projection: (2000) 4,252,000; (2010) 4,397,000. Doubling time: not applicable; doubling time exceeds 100 years. Ethnic composition (1989): Moldovan 62.0%; Ukrainian 8.5%; Russian 23.1%; Gagauz 3.2%; Bulgarian 1.6%; other 1.6%. Religious affiliation (1995): Orthodox 46.0%, of which Romanian Orthodox 35.0%, Russian Orthodox 9.5%; Catholic 1.8%, of which Roman Catholic 0.6%; Protestant 1.7%; Jewish 0.9%; other (mostly nonreligious) 49.6%. Major cities (1993): Chisinau 657,775; Tiraspol 184,852; Balti 156,081. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 14.3 (world avg. 25.0); (1995) legitimate 87.7%; illegitimate 12.3%. Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 12.3 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 2.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 1.9. Marriage rate per 1,000 population(1994): 7.8. Life expectancy at birth (1994): male 64.0 years; female 71.0 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1994): circulatory diseases 500.7; cancers 136.1; accidents and violence 113.3; digestive system diseases 110.4; respiratory diseases 75.1. National economy Budget (1995). Revenue: 1,916,000,000,000 lei (value-added tax 29.7%, enterprise profits tax 20.5%, income tax 10.5%, excise duties 9.7%, property tax 5.4%). Expenditures: 2,354,000,000,000 lei (education 24.1%, health care 15.6% interest payments 11.3%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$559,500,000. Land use (1994): forest 10.6%; pasture 10.9%; agriculture 75.9%; other 2.6%. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): sugar beets 1,807,000, grapes 850,000, corn (maize) 750,000, wheat 614,000, potatoes 331,000, apples 330,000; livestock (number of live animals) 1,302,000 sheep, 1,015,000 pigs, 726,000 cattle, 14,000,000 poultry; roundwood (1991) 125,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 4,700. Mining and quarrying (1995): sand and gravel 376,000; gypsum 13,600. Manufacturing ('000,000 lei; 1995): food processing 1,446,824; machinery and metalworking 383,153; construction materials 164,198; textiles 57,283. Construction (1994): 127,200,000 lei. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994): 8,228,000,000 (8,579,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) none (2,141,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1990) none (51,625,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) none (1,085,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) none (2,611,000,000). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$2,542,000,000 (U.S.$590 per capita). Population economically active (1994): total (1995) 1,693,000; activity rate of total population 44.8% (participation rates: ages 16-59 , 16-54 85.2%; female 53.0%; unemployed 1.4%). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1989) 3.4; income per household: n.a.; sources of income (1994): wages and salaries 41.2%, social benefits 15.3%, agricultural income 10.4%, other 33.1%; expenditure (1995): food and drink 49.1%, clothing 9.7%, health 4.1%. Foreign trade Imports (1995): U.S.$773,000,000 (mineral products 46.0%, machinery 16.0%, agricultural goods and foodstuffs 9.0%, chemical products 8.0%, textiles and textile products 5.0%, metal and metal products 4.0%, other 12.0%). Major import sources (1995): Russia 32.0%; Ukraine 26.0%; Romania7.0%. Exports (1995): U.S.$741,000,000 (food and agricultural goods 72.0%, machinery 8.0%, textile products 5.0%, metals and metal products 4.0%, chemical products 1.0%, mineral products 1.0%, other 9.0%). Major export destinations (1995): Russia 47.0%; Romania 14.0%; Ukraine 8.0%; Belarus 4.0%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): length 1,200 km; passenger-km 1,019,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 3,133,600,000. Roads (1995): total length 12,259 km (paved 87.2%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 169,941; trucks, and buses 69,069. Air transport (1994): passenger-km 225,000; metric ton-km cargo 1,000,000; airports (1997) 1. Education and health Educational attainment (1989). Percentage of population age 15 and over having: no formal schooling or some primary education 24.5%; some secondary 20.4%; secondary or some postsecondary 46.4%; higher 8.7%. Literacy (1989): total population age 15 and over literate 96.4%. Health (1995): physicians 17,200 (1 per 250 persons); hospital beds 53,000 (1 per 82 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births 22.6. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,525 (vegetable products 81%, animal products 19%); 99% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 11,030 (army 84.3%, air force 15.7%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 0.1% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$3. {1} Officially designated Moldovan per constitution.