STATISTICS: MOZAMBIQUE

Mozambique Official name: Repblica de Moambique (Republic of Mozambique). Form of government: multiparty republic{1} with a single legislative house (Assembly of the Republic ). Head of state and government: President assisted by the Prime Minister. Capital: Maputo. Official language: Portuguese. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 metical (Mt; plural meticais) = 100 centavos; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Mt 11,495; 1 = Mt 19,570. Demography Population (1998): 18,641,000. Density (1998){2}: persons per sq mi 60.4, persons per sq km 23.3. Urban-rural (1990-94): urban 32.7%; rural 67.3%. Sex distribution (1997): male 48.85%; female 51.15%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 44.9%; 15-29, 27.9%, 30-44, 15.1%; 45-59, 8.2%; 60-74, 3.3%; 75 and over, 0.6%. Population projection: (2000) 19,614,000; (2010) 24,809,000. Ethnolinguistic composition (1983): Makua 47.3%; Tsonga 23.3%; Malawi 12.0%; Shona 11.3%; Yao 3.8%; Swahili 0.8%; Makonde 0.6%; Portuguese 0.2%; other 0.7%. Religious affiliation (1995): traditional beliefs 47.0%; Muslim 28.2%; Christian 24.8%, of which Roman Catholic 11.6%, Protestant 9.2%. Major cities (1991): Maputo 931,591; Beira 298,847; Nampula 250,473. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 44.0 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 18.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 26.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 6.1. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1974): 0.7. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1973): 0.01. Life expectancy at birth (1995): male 46.8 years; female 49.5 years. National economy Budget (1995). Revenue: Mt 4,522,000,000 (1995; sales tax 47.8%, customs taxes 24.0%, individual income tax 16.6%). Expenditures: Mt 8,196,000,000 (current expenditure 52.2%, of which goods and services 23.6%, administrative salaries 22.3%, defense and security 19.4%; capital expenditure 47.8%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$5,433,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1997): cassava 5,342,000, corn (maize) 1,153,000, sugarcane 500,000, coconuts 440,000, sorghum 263,000, peanuts (groundnuts) 127,000, bananas 86,000; livestock (number of live animals) 1,290,000 cattle, 386,000 goats, 175,000 pigs, 122,000 sheep, 23,000,000 chickens; roundwood (1995) 18,390,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 26,870. Mining and quarrying (1994): marine salt 40,000; bauxite 9,620; copper 133{3}{4}; garnet 3,000 kg; gemstones 6,865 carats. Manufacturing (value in Mt '000,000; 1995): food processing 696,611; beverages and tobacco 395,871; textiles 207,378; nonmetallic mineral products 140,193; wood and cork products 134,951; chemical products 116,335; rubber products 87,827; clothing 82,123; machinery and transport equipment 72,507. Construction (value in Mt; 1994) 157,700,000. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 340,000,000 (728,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 40,000 (60,000); crude petroleum (1993) none (none{5}); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) none{5} (251,000); natural gas, none (none). Population economically active (1980): total 5,671,290; activity rate 48.6% (participation rates: over age 15, 87.3%; female 52.4%; unemployed 1.7%). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$1,472,000,000 (U.S.$80 per capita). Household income and expenditure. Average family size (1992-93) 6.7{6}; income per household: n.a.; source of income (1992-93){6}: wages and salaries 51.6%, self-employment 12.5%, barter 11.5%, private farming 7.7%; expenditure (1992-93){6}: food, beverages, and tobacco 74.6%; housing and energy 11.7%; transportation and communications 4.7%; clothing and footwear 3.7%; education and recreation 1.4%; health 0.8%. Land use (1994): forested 22.1%; meadows and pastures 56.1%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 4.0%; other 17.8%. Foreign trade{7} Imports (1995): U.S.$783,600,000 (1990; foodstuffs 28.9%, capital equipment 22.9%, crude petroleum and derivatives 10.9%, machinery and spare parts 9.5%). Major import sources (1995): South Africa 37.6%; U.S. 6.7%; Japan 6.2%; Portugal 6.0%; U.K. 5.7%; France 5.6%. Exports (1995): U.S.$168,900,000 (shrimp 43.3%, cotton 11.7%, cashew nuts 5.6%, sugar 4.3%, copra 3.6%, petroleum 1.9%). Major export destinations: South Africa 21.6%; Spain 21.6%; Japan 13.0%; Portugal 10.4%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): route length 1,940 mi, 3,123 km; passenger-mi 194,000,000, passenger-km 312,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 612,000,000, metric ton-km cargo 893,000,000. Roads (1995): total length 18,523 mi, 29,810 km (paved 18.6%). Vehicles (1995): passengers cars 84,000; trucks and buses 26,800. Air transport (1995): passenger-mi 239,000,000, passenger-km 384,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 6,000,000, metric ton-km cargo 9,000,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 7. Education and health Literacy (1995): percentage of total population age 15 and over literate 40.1%; males literate 57.7%; females literate 23.3%. Health (1993): physicians 114{8} (1 per 131,991 persons); hospital beds 13,280 (1 per 1,133 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1997) 123.0. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 1,678 (vegetable products 97%, animal products 3%); 72% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 5,100-6,100{9}. Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 5.4% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$4. {1} Mozambique adopted a new multiparty constitution that became effective on Nov. 30, 1990, but was amended on Oct. 29, 1996, to create autonomous local governments. The first multiparty elections took place on Oct. 27-29, 1994. {2} Based on land area. {3} 1990. {4} Metal content only. {5} Internal disorder and a lack of foreign exchange have brought importation of crude petroleum and the production of refined petroleum products practically to a halt. {6} City of Maputo only. {7} Import figures are c.i.f. {8} Government personnel only. {9} Estimate; approximately 80% are in the army.