STATISTICS: OMAN

Oman Official name: Saltanat 'Uman (Sultanate of Oman). Form of government: monarchy{1}. Head of state and government: Sultan. Capital: Muscat. Official language: Arabic. Official religion: Islam. Monetary unit: 1 rial Omani (RO) = 1,000 baizas; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 RO = U.S.$2.60 = 1.53. Demography Population (1998): 2,364,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 19.8, persons per sq km 7.6. Urban-rural (1993): urban 71.7%; rural 28.3%. Sex distribution (1993): male 58.37%; female 41.63%. Age breakdown (1993): under 15, 41.0%; 15-29, 25.5%; 30-44, 21.9%; 45-59, 7.8%; 60-74, 2.9%; 75 and over, 0.9%. Population projection: (2000) 2,533,000; (2010) 3,520,000. Doubling time: 20 years. Ethnic composition (1993): Omani Arab 73.5%; Indian 13.3%; Bangladeshi 4.3%; Pakistani (mostly Balochi) 3.1%; Egyptian 1.6%; other 4.2%. Religious affiliation (1993): Muslim 87.7%, of which Ibadiyah Muslim c. 75% (principal minorities are Sunni Muslim and Shi'i Muslim); Hindu 7.4%; Christian 3.9%; Buddhist 0.5%; other 0.5%. Major cities (1990): Muscat 51,969{2}; Nizwa 62,880; Sama`il 44,721; Salalah 10,000{3}. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1990-95): 43.7 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1990-95): 4.8 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1990-95): 38.9 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 6.9. Life expectancy at birth (1990-95): male 67.7 years; female 71.8 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population: n.a.; however, the main causes of hospital deaths in 1989 were diseases of the circulatory system 25.7%, perinatal problems 11.4%, malignant neoplasms (cancers) 7.6%, diseases of the respiratory system 7.1%, and infectious and parasitic diseases 7.1%. National economy Budget (1997). Revenue: RO 2,003,000,000 (oil revenue 75.0%; other 25.0%). Expenditures: RO 2,266,000,000 (current expenditure 80.1%, of which civil ministries 39.6%, defense 30.8%, interest paid on loans 5.3%; capital development projects and subsidies 17.6%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$2,646,000,000. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$13,135,000,000 (U.S.$5,950 per capita). Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$92,000,000; expenditures U.S.$47,000,000. Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1993) 8.0; income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a.; expenditure (1990): housing and utilities 27.8%, food, beverage, and tobacco 26.4%, transportation 19.8%, clothing and shoes 7.8%, household goods and furniture 6.1%, education, health services, entertainment, and other 12.1%. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): vegetables and melons 167,000 (of which watermelons 30,000), dates 133,000, bananas 26,000, mangoes 11,000, onions 9,000, potatoes 6,000, papayas 3,000, tobacco leaf 2,000, wheat 1,000; livestock (number of live animals) 735,000 goats, 148,000 sheep, 142,000 cattle, 94,000 camels, 3,000,000 chickens; fish catch (1995) 139,864. Mining and quarrying (1994): copper 6,500; silver 3,300 kg; gold 75 kg. Manufacturing (value of production in RO '000,000; 1993): textiles and apparel 78,200; food products and beverages 72,930; chemical products 40,950; wood products 5,950; metal products 4,200; paper products 360; other major products include refined petroleum products. Construction (1989): number of residential permits 3,408; nonresidential permits 353. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 7,856,000,000 (7,856,000,000); coal, none (none); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 294,380,000 (26,615,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 3,884,000 (1,589,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 6,665,890,000 (6,665,890,000). Population economically active (1993){4}: total 704,798; activity rate of total population 34.9% (participation rates: over age 15, 60.9%; female 9.7%; unemployed c. 20%). Land use (1994): meadows and pastures 4.7%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 0.3%; other (mostly desert and developed area) 95.0%. Foreign trade{5} Imports (1996): RO 1,760,100,000 (machinery and transport equipment 41.5%, basic manufactured goods 17.3%, food and live animals 12.9%, miscellaneous manufactured articles 9.0%, beverages and tobacco 4.2%). Major import sources: United Arab Emirates 23.7%; Japan 17.2%; United Kingdom 8.8%; United States 7.5%; Germany 5.2%; India 4.0%. Exports (1996): RO 2,824,500,000 (domestic exports 86.3%, of which petroleum 80.2%, manufactured goods 2.7% [of which copper and copper products 0.9%], food and live animals 1.9%, mineral fuels and lubricants 0.5%; re-exports 13.7%, of which machinery and transport equipment 8.9%). Major export destinations{6}: United Arab Emirates 41.6%; Iran 9.3%; Hong Kong 7.8%; United States 5.1%; Saudi Arabia 4.5%; Tanzania 4.4%. Transport Transport. Railroads: none. Roads (1995): total length 19,160 mi, 30,830 km (paved c. 20%). Vehicles: automobiles (1995) 202,741, trucks and buses (1993) 108,600. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 26; total deadweight tonnage 11,727. Air transport (1996){7}: passenger-mi 1,714,204,000, passenger-km 2,758,750,000; short ton-mi cargo 72,435,000, metric ton-km cargo 105,753,500; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 6. Education and health Educational attainment (1993). Percentage of population age 15 and over having: no formal schooling (illiterate) 41.2%; no formal schooling (literate) 14.9%; primary 18.9%; secondary 21.1%; higher technical 2.0%; higher undergraduate 1.5%; higher graduate 0.1%; other 0.3%. Literacy (1993): total population age 15 and over literate 422,417 (58.8%); males literate 260,006 (71.1%); females literate 163,421 (46.2%). Health (1995): physicians 2,476 (1 per 852 persons); hospital beds 4,411 (1 per 478 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1996) 28.2. Food: daily per capita caloric intake, n.a. Military Total active duty personnel (1996): 43,500 (army 72.4%{8}, navy 9.7%, air force 9.4%); foreign troops 3,700. Military expenditure as percentage of GDP (1995): 16.7% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$822. {1} The Oman Council is an appointed advisory body consisting of a Council of State and a Consultative Council. {2} 1993 census. {3} 1982. {4} Non-Omani workers constitute 61.3% of the labour force. {5} Imports c.i.f.; exports f.o.b. {6} Non-oil exports only; includes reexports. {7} One-fourth apportionment of international flights of Gulf Air. {8} Including personnel of Royal Household units not formally part of army table of organization.