STATISTICS: URUGUAY

Uruguay Official name: Repblica Oriental del Uruguay (Oriental Republic of Uruguay). Form of government: republic with two legislative houses (Senate {1}; Chamber of Representatives ). Head of state and government: President. Capital: Montevideo. Official language: Spanish. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 peso uruguayo (Uruguayan peso){2}; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Ur$10.87; 1 = Ur$18.51. Demography Population (1998): 3,216,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 47.3, persons per sq km 18.3. Urban-rural (1996): urban 88.7%; rural 11.3%. Sex distribution (1996): male 48.47%; female 51.53%. Age breakdown (1995): under 15, 24.5%; 15-29, 23.7%; 30-44, 19.5%; 45-59, 15.3%; 60-74, 12.2%; 75 and over, 4.8%. Population projection: (2000) 3,278,000; (2010) 3,524,000. Doubling time: 91 years. Ethnic composition (1990): white (mostly Spanish, Italian, or mixed Spanish-Italian) 86.0%; mestizo 8.0%; mulatto or black 6.0%. Religious affiliation (1997): Roman Catholic 78.5%{3}; Protestant 4.5%; other Christian 3.5%; Jewish 0.9%; other 12.6%. Major cities (1985): Montevideo (1996) 1,378,707; Salto 80,823; Paysand 76,191; Las Piedras 58,288; Rivera 57,316. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1995): 17.8 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1995): 10.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1995): 7.8 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1994): 2.4. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1992): 6.2. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1992): 2.7. Life expectancy at birth (1994): male 70.9 years; female 77.5 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1990): diseases of the circulatory system 378.4; malignant neoplasms 222.8; respiratory diseases 76.3. National economy Budget (1996). Revenue: Ur$29,157,875,000 (direct taxes 78.0%, receipts from foreign trade 5.4%). Expenditures: Ur$32,151,841,000 (1995; social security and welfare 60.8%, general public services 14.3%, capital investments 7.7%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$4,097,000,000. Tourism (1994): receipts U.S.$632,000,000; expenditures U.S.$190,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): rice 868,000, wheat 628,000, barley 374,000, sugarcane 160,000, potatoes 145,000, oranges 133,000, corn (maize) 119,000, sunflower seed 112,000; livestock (number of live animals) 19,865,000 sheep, 10,677,000 cattle; roundwood (1995) 4,093,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 120,737. Mining and quarrying (1995): hydraulic cement 1,000,000; gypsum 145,000. Manufacturing (value added in U.S.$'000,000; 1994): food products (excluding beverages) 792; beverages 393; chemicals and chemical products 313; textiles 253; tobacco products 170. Construction (approvals; 1994): residential 301,666 sq m; nonresidential 177,752 sq m. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 7,617,000,000 (5,957,000,000); crude petroleum, none (n.a.); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) none (1,197,000). Household income and expenditure. Avg. household size (1985) 3.3; avg. annual income per household (1985) NUr$266,261{2} (U.S.$2,625); sources of income{4}: wages 53.5%, self-employment 17.0%, transfer payments and other 29.5%; expenditure (1982-83){5}: food 39.9%, housing 17.6%, transportation and communications 10.4%, health care 9.3%, clothing 7.0%. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$18,464,000,000 (U.S.$5,760 per capita). Population economically active (1994): total 1,307,600; activity rate 45.9% (participation rates: ages 14 and over, 58.1%; female 42.4%). Land use (1994): forested 5.3%; meadows and pastures 77.3%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 7.5%; other 9.9%. Foreign trade{6} Imports (1996): U.S.$3,322,798,000 (machinery and appliances 21.3%; chemical products 13.6%; mineral products 11.5%; transport equipment 11.2%; synthetic plastics, resins, and rubber 6.5%; processed foods 6.4%; textile products 5.8%). Major import sources: Brazil 22.4%; Argentina 20.8%; United States 12.0%; Italy 5.2%; France 3.5%; Spain 3.1%. Exports (1996): U.S.$2,397,224,000 (live animals and live-animal products 26.3%; textiles and textile products 19.5%; vegetable products 17.0%; hides and skins 11.5%; processed foods 3.8%). Major export destinations: Brazil 34.7%; Argentina 11.3%; United States 7.0%; Germany 4.7%. Transport Transport. Railroads: route length (1996) 2,073 km; metric ton-km cargo (1994) 189,000,000. Roads (1995): length 50,900 km (paved 14%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 444,835; trucks and buses 46,245. Air transport (1994): passenger-km 645,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 62,000,000; airports (1997) 1. Education and health Educational attainment (1985). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 7.5%; less than primary education 26.6%; primary 31.2%; secondary 19.9%; higher 14.8%. Literacy (1995 est.): population age 15 and over literate 97.3%; males 96.9%; females 97.7%. Health: physicians (1994) 11,241 (1 per 282 persons); hospital beds (1987) 14,133 (1 per 215 persons); infant mortality rate (1995) 19.6. Food (1992): daily per capita caloric intake 2,750 (vegetable products 63%, animal products 37%); 103% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 25,600 (army 68.8%, navy 19.5%, air force 11.7%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 2.4% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$131. {1} Includes the vice president, who serves as ex officio presiding officer. {2} The peso uruguayo (Uruguayan peso ) replaced the new Uruguayan peso (Nur$) on March 1, 1993, at the rate of 1 Uruguayan peso = 1,000 new Uruguayan pesos. {3} About 30-40% of Roman Catholics are estimated to be nonreligious. {4} Salaried employees only. {5} Weights of consumer price index components in Montevideo. {6} Import figures are f.o.b. in balance of trade.