THOMSON, GEORGE

born March 4, 1757, Limekilns, Fife, Scot. died Feb. 18, 1851, Leith, Midlothian Scottish amateur editor and publisher of Scottish folk songs, which he attempted to provide with semiclassical settings. Impressed by foreign vocalists' renditions of Scottish folk songs at Edinburgh Musical Society concerts, Thomson determined to anthologize the songs in arrangements for voice and piano trio by prestigious European composers. From 1793 to 1841 he published 300 songs in six volumes, using personal funds gained from his 59-year clerkship with the Board of Trustees for the Encouragement of Arts and Manufactures of Scotland. Thomson was not interested in the songs as they were originally sung and culled most of his selections from earlier published editions. He employed such leading Scottish poets as Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scott to substitute sentimental lyrics for ribald ones, while the composers, Joseph Haydn and Ludwig van Beethoven among them, tried to accommodate Scottish melodies to Viennese harmonies. The Select Collection of Scottish Airs was criticized for its lack of national authenticity, and Beethoven denounced Thomson for simplifying his piano music for the amateur musician. Thomson also published several volumes of Welsh and Irish airs and commissioned Sir Henry Bishop to compose a cantata on Burns's poem The Jolly Beggars. His granddaughter married the novelist Charles Dickens.