Molla Muhammad Mahdee In 1128 A.H he was born in to a religious middle class family in Narauq, a village near Kashan. His parents named him Mohammad Mahdee. From the early years of his childhood, it became evident that he was a genius. He was registered in the hawza in Kashan when he was a young teenager, for he was really interested in education. In that hawza he benefited a lot from his knowledgeable teacher Molla Jafar Beegdelee.
About the year 1143, at the age of sixteen he traveled to Esfahan to continue his studies. There he benefited from the great jurisprudents and philosophers who resided there. Some of his teachers were Mawla Ismaueel Khaujooee, Mohammad Harandee and Auqau Mirza Nausair Esfahanee. But Mawla Ismaueel Khaujooee had the highest status in the eyes of Molla Mahdee. The latter studied around thirty years with the former teacher in the various fields of Jurisprudence, Osool, Theology, Philosophy, Arithmetic, Geometry, and Astronomy.
He believed that the source of social and ethical injustice in a society is the unjust notions and actions of the rulers. Thus he concluded that any real reform must begin from the upper hierarchy in the society. In this regard, he writes, The most important and crucial justice is that of the rulers, for peoples doing justice depends on the rulers [people look up to their rulers in this regard]. If a ruler acts justly, then his subjects will also be able to interact justly. Otherwise, implementing justice in a society would be really difficult; it would be almost impossible.
Another of Molla Mahdees characteristics was his very delicate and poetic spirit. He had completed the highest mystical and ethical levels. He translated his spiritual feelings into poetry. The poems in his Tauer-e-qodsee [his book of poetry] and his other illustrate this fact.
After many years of hard intellectual and spiritual work in promoting the values preached by Islam, he finally passed away on the 18th of Shabaun, 1209 a.h. His death resulted in an outburst of mourning by the people of Kashan. His body was transferred to Najaf with great esteem; he was buried beside the shrine of Ameer-ol-momeneen.