noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
an enterprise economy (= an economic system in which there are many private businesses )
▪
An enterprise economy can generate wealth and reduce unemployment.
black economy
closed economy
developing economies/markets
▪
the developing economies in Eastern Europe
economies of scale (= ways of saving money that are available to large organizations )
▪
Merging these departments will create economies of scale.
economy class syndrome
economy class
▪
We flew economy class.
economy drive (= effort to reduce spending )
▪
an economy drive
flagging economy
▪
concern for the country’s flagging economy
fragile economy
▪
the country’s fragile economy
fuel economy/efficiency (= how well a vehicle uses fuel, without wasting any )
▪
Greater engine efficiency has led to improved fuel economy.
market economy
mixed economy
new economy
▪
As we move into a new economy, trade unions will have to reinvent themselves to stay relevant.
old economy
▪
Is the Old Economy really dead?
political economy
shadow economy
stakeholder economy
stimulate growth/demand/the economy etc
▪
the President’s plan to stimulate economic growth
the domestic economy (= production of goods and profit from sales inside a country )
▪
Japan’s domestic economy expanded greatly during this period.
weak currency/economy etc
▪
The pound was weak against the dollar.
world trade/economy etc
▪
the impact of the crisis on the world economy
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
black
▪
The growth and health of the black and informal economies is one clear evidence of the disincentive effects of taxation.
▪
New careers in alternative economies , in the black economy and in voluntary work will also be studied.
▪
It leads to the stimulation of a privately run black economy as its crucial lubricant. 5.
▪
Publicly suppressed since the 1920s, these qualities have only survived through the black economy , or through private family oral traditions.
▪
The black economy refers to those unrecorded economic transactions conducted on a cash basis with a view to illegal evasion of tax.
▪
Most women are forced through economic necessity to work in part-time low-paid jobs with quite a large number in the black economy .
▪
The existence of a black economy is, of course, not confined to the United Kingdom.
▪
Boosts the black economy , I suppose.
capitalist
▪
World-system theories emphasize the international character of the capitalist economy .
▪
Marxism was not primarily a scientific method designed to uncover the mechanisms of the capitalist economy .
▪
What are the prospects ahead for the world capitalist economy ?
▪
The era of free competition in the capitalist economy is over in all areas and in all respects.
▪
He took as his starting point the capitalist world economy: Contemporary capitalism is world capitalism.
▪
And yet his motives were not unique; in a capitalist economy everybody is out to get money.
▪
The most distinctive institution of capitalist economies is the privately owned corporation.
domestic
▪
The rate has been raised quite high enough to deal with overheating in the domestic economy .
▪
Lloyd said he was concerned that a weakening domestic economy would hurt the railroads in 1996.
▪
And strategically, Mr Healey cut public spending and brought the domestic economy back into balance.
▪
This increase in export earnings will stimulate the domestic economy .
▪
Trade and the free flow of capital are the winds that pull domestic economies along.
▪
So shares linked to the domestic economy look ripe for a bit of selective picking.
false
▪
Using briefing only may be a false economy .
▪
It would be a false economy not to treat divers.
▪
It is false economy not to get the right expert, even though getting the right expert may be more expensive.
▪
From a point of view of commercial work, however, this is bad practice, and false economy .
▪
Buying less than the best is a false economy .
▪
Do not skimp on batteries, it is a false economy .
▪
Diane Chalmers, senior home care manager, says councillors and staff recognised that removing the service would be a false economy .
global
▪
The rest of us have precious little influence over the global economy , though our lives are deeply affected by it.
▪
Education is the life raft he offers workers buffeted by the choppy currents of the global economy .
▪
Clearly those who run the global economy consider success in that area the prerequisite to meeting all other challenges.
▪
The pulp wood and timber industry is an example of how a global economy can cut both ways here.
▪
Once countries have joined the global information economy , their development may be swift.
▪
Second, the real medium-term danger for the global economy will be deflation rather than inflation.
▪
Countries splinter, regional trading blocs grow, the global economy becomes ever more interconnected.
industrial
▪
What a growing part of agriculture all over the world had in common was subjection to the industrial world economy .
▪
And in the United States, it was the Gilded Age that saw the new industrial economy engulf the entire continent.
▪
Births fell and employment and real wages worsened in almost all industrial economies in the early 1930s.
▪
The big risk is large and persistent current-account imbalances INDUSTRIAL economies had an excellent year in 1988.
▪
The space-economy for example is simply the spatial pattern of organization created by the industrial economy; it is not an independent variable.
▪
The implications of this are chilling in an era marked by growing, destabilising imbalances among the world's largest industrial economies .
▪
The industrial economies now produce barely half of total world output.
international
▪
Inflation Up to the mid-1960s, inflation rates had been low in the international economy due to two major factors.
▪
It is instructive at this point to return to the issue of national versus international economies of scale.
▪
In fact a gold standard operated in the international economy prior to 1914 and for a period after the First World War.
▪
The international sector Our economy is deeply enmeshed in a complex web of economic relationships with the rest of the world.
▪
This aided the operation of the fixed exchange rate system and helped to maintain a low inflation rate in the international economy .
▪
For the international economy it hopefully brings about a more efficient allocation of investment or financial resources.
▪
The reader should endeavour to keep up to date with oil market developments because of their impact upon the international economy and financial system.
▪
The various roles of agriculture will have to be seen as integral aspects of the broader rural, national and international economy .
large
▪
In the world's largest economies , that is taken for granted.
▪
Greater savings may indeed lead to larger economies in the future.
▪
Because of their qualitatively larger economies and military resources, Washington and Moscow confront each other as super powers.
local
▪
While the airport is the economic hub of the area, agriculture is still an important part of the local economy .
▪
The glass and crystal sold on the roadside here are the lifeblood of the local economy .
▪
Either way, the local economy gets the dollars.
▪
Louis area that is designed to represent the local economy .
▪
A three year programme of four linked projects will investigate small services sector firms in five types of local economy in Britain.
▪
This has the implication that local economies of scale depend only on output.
▪
Tourism is also of particular importance in some regions and may dominate the local economy .
▪
That might be an indication that the local economy is on a downswing.
mixed
▪
The programme's emphasis on a mixed economy also met little resistance.
▪
The managed mixed economy and a highly developed system of collective social provision were the means for achieving these values.
▪
All the same, the 1988 results give Socialist defenders of the mixed economy new ammunition to fire at would-be privatisers.
▪
What he actually offered was a vigorous defence of the mixed economy with a passing assault on Treasury investment rules.
▪
The privatization programme has been recognized as a major break with the mixed economy consensus.
▪
These programmes were founded on a comprehensive Welfare State system complemented by the demand management of an expanding mixed economy .
▪
But the idea of the mixed economy was hardly less grandiose.
▪
The situation in relation to sponsorship is, I think, quite good: I like a mixed economy .
modern
▪
It was framed on the principles of modern political economy .
▪
All three were pushed into the background, as the more compelling issues of the day-principally the modern political economy were debated.
▪
Then Gilroy shows how these innovations have infiltrated the modern entertainment economy , especially the parts of it concerned with selling blackness.
▪
The degree of mobility in modern economies generally precludes local communities from exerting effective sanctions on anything.
▪
The complexities of a modern developed economy , however, make barter totally impractical for most purposes.
▪
Yet a large public sector appeared to be an almost inevitable part of the modern economy .
▪
It is also a waste of talent and ability which no modern economy can afford.
▪
Angell's central argument was a simple restatement of the interdependence of modern capitalist economies .
national
▪
He has written or edited twelve books, mainly examining relationships between industrial change and regional and national economies .
▪
Mr Stevens attributed the drop in stock price to the GulfWarrelated recession that rocked the national economy that year.
▪
Coal mining remains important to the national economy with both deep mined and opencast output.
▪
But now, with the national economy leaner and personal budgets tighter, an energized public is demanding more accountability.
▪
I have discussed international competition, but of course there are also competitive pressures within the national economy .
▪
The sluggishness in Michigan comes amid signs of a slowing national economy .
▪
Foreign aid has actually made a larger contribution to the national economy than foreign investment in the past five years.
▪
A larger problem is that the flat tax would work havoc in the national economy , and nobody knows what to expect.
political
▪
In ten years, the Thatcher governments transformed the political economy and the public culture.
▪
In sum, the mixed economy is a middle way between the market and the command political economies.
▪
It was framed on the principles of modern political economy .
▪
The absence of competition in the command political economy can result in problems as serious as those from excessive competition.
▪
Hence, a political economy of the urban is scarcely more plausible now than it has ever been in the past.
▪
The economic productivity of command political economies has always been inferior to that of market political economies in comparable countries.
▪
It involves the whole political economy of modern agriculture - and that includes consumers and politicians as well as producers.
▪
Clearly, the state has a dominant, even an overwhelming role in this political economy .
rural
▪
In the long term, seven to 10 years, most effects would be offset as the rural economy adjusted.
▪
The rural economy and domestic industry have developed quite far in Connecticut; the people there are happy.
▪
An interesting feature of the rural economy is the way in which these sectoral employment changes are interlinked.
▪
Another feature of the rural economy is its relationship with urban labour markets.
▪
The stability of the rural economy may, inpart be dependent on the effects of climatic change.
▪
Farmers' activities, which are the backbone of the rural economy , are vital to the survival of whole communities.
▪
The regeneration arena: housing policy as a response to the desire to revitalise declining urban centres and the rural economy .
▪
There is nothing to suggest that the rural economy was anything but generalised, with evidence for specialisation appearing late in the period.
strong
▪
Where the state's control is stronger , the economy is a disaster.
▪
Hotels are busier these days, too, with a stronger economy allowing tourists and businesspeople to travel again.
▪
As she goes into the election, she will be helped by the stronger economy .
▪
Instead of spurring more output and a stronger economy , those dollars would merely bid up prices.
▪
For instance, despite the continued strong national economy , a record 1 million people filed for personal bankruptcy protection last year.
▪
Much of this trend is attributable to a strong economy , but there are other forces at work.
▪
We must have a strong economy .
weak
▪
The debt burden is weighing more and more heavily on the weakest economies .
▪
Rates may continue to fall, but earnings will have a tough time climbing in a weak economy .
▪
It builds in and reinforces their dominance, but it damages the weaker economies .
▪
A weaker economy means inflation is less likely to eat into the value of bonds' interest and principal payments.
▪
And Mr Bush's economic advisers fear that any extra regulation could further damage an already weak economy .
▪
Sales across the country were slower than expected this year as consumers grappled with higher debts and concern about a weaker economy .
▪
Brochier, which restores piping networks, has announced a restructuring plan to deal with a weak economy in its key markets.
■ NOUN
market
▪
In other words the modern defence of the market economy is incomplete at one point.
▪
Third, a market economy can experience major economic cycles.
▪
The rush to a market economy is not enough: all that will bring is the destruction of the old system.
▪
Since firms need to make profits in market economies , these projects have no long-term future.
▪
His country may be taking the first steps to a market economy , but on the streets there are remarkably few cars.
▪
Its emerging democratic polity and guided market economy are also similar.
▪
The market economy provided other employment opportunities for poorer villagers.
▪
Some analysts emphasize rising productivity and rising wages in the market economy that have made work outside the home increasingly profitable.
scale
▪
In the absence of scale economy benefits, horizontal mergers are likely to be socially undesirable.
▪
The characteristics of electronics production and marketing seem to demand companies which can combine scale economies with quick-footed innovation.
▪
Perfect contestability, remember, assumes that any scale economies arise through fixed rather than sunk costs.
▪
Suppose upstream scale economies are extensive.
▪
But Weitzman claims that scale economies can not arise purely through fixed costs; that these costs must be sunk.
▪
The argument that fixed costs are incompatible with scale economies is as follows.
▪
But the relative strength of scale economies and political protectionism varies greatly between different communications fields.
▪
One reason is that there may be efficiency gains from merger, e.g. due to scale economies .
■ VERB
develop
▪
Periodic emergence of such asset price bubbles is routine in even the most developed economies .
▪
The citizens of almost all other major developed economies pay higher taxes than we do.
▪
More supplies must be generated, they say, to feed the developing economy .
▪
But with the collapse of global markets and parallel slowdown in developed nations' economies , the dangers have risen significantly.
▪
He argues that classes develop in market economies in which individuals compete for economic gain.
▪
He was energetic, open-minded, and very keen to develop the economy of his little township by whatever means possible.
grow
▪
Countries splinter, regional trading blocs grow , the global economy becomes ever more interconnected.
▪
Between 1972 and 1982, they were the fastest growing sector of the economy , in terms of employment.
▪
Ending taxes on savings and investment would grow the economy and create new jobs, Kemp said.
manage
▪
It created a wartime atmosphere which could be used to manage the economy and to generate social cohesion.
▪
Sparse, willful and distinct, Ladd manages an enviable economy with his music.
▪
Government was prepared to pursue a managed rather than a controlled economy .
▪
The welfare state and the managed economy did not suddenly emerge full-blown in this period.
▪
The managed mixed economy and a highly developed system of collective social provision were the means for achieving these values.
▪
Plans for economic union Proposals were put forward for managing the closely interdependent economies of the republics.
▪
The balance sheet for managing the economy is, not surprisingly, mixed.
▪
The task of managing even so thriving an economy was difficult.
slow
▪
That is why the Fed's avowed aim has been to slow the economy .
▪
On the downside, all say the slowing national economy will hinder Texas growth.
▪
Second, Fed officials want to avoid a move that could turn out to be unneeded and slow the economy too much.
▪
Bush's tax cuts and the slowing economy mean that Pentagon policy choices will have to be made this year.
▪
Some worry that certain pieces of the technology business could be hurt by a slowing economy and stiff price competition.
▪
The results encouraged investors expecting earnings disappointments because of a slowing economy .
▪
The sluggishness in Michigan comes amid signs of a slowing national economy .
▪
A slowing economy lessens the threat that inflation will pick up speed.
stimulate
▪
Her own prosperity depended to some degree on providing loans to stimulate overseas economies in which her own products could be sold.
▪
The station, through its deejays, came to symbolize and help stimulate the segregated economy of Memphis.
▪
This increase in export earnings will stimulate the domestic economy .
▪
Water in Bio2 was diverted from one locality to another like so much federal spending meant to stimulate a regional economy .
▪
In July, an anti-corruption drive was also launched to stimulate the economy .
▪
Are we willing to sacrifice our kids for the sake of stimulating our economy ?
▪
And as Haji's factory shows, creating a market for the goods can stimulate the local economy .
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
false economy
▪
Buying less than the best is a false economy.
▪
Diane Chalmers, senior home care manager, says councillors and staff recognised that removing the service would be a false economy.
▪
Do not skimp on batteries, it is a false economy.
▪
From a point of view of commercial work, however, this is bad practice, and false economy.
▪
It is false economy not to get the right expert, even though getting the right expert may be more expensive.
▪
It would be a false economy not to treat divers.
▪
Using briefing only may be a false economy.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪
For reasons of economy , the armed forces keep equipment in service for 15 to 20 years.
▪
In a global economy , the only way to maintain a competitive edge is to lead the world in innovation.
▪
Inflation is a major problem in many South American economies.
▪
It is impossible to quantify the exact value of the black economy .
▪
Low interest rates will help the economy .
▪
Poland is trying to move from a centrally planned socialist economy to a free-market capitalist economy.
▪
shadow economies that escape accurate analysis
▪
The government's management of the economy has been severely criticized.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪
For that reason, the gradual restraint of inflation and cooling of this overheated economy look impossible.
▪
In the long run the economy will tend to gravitate towards a position of Walrasian equilibrium.
▪
Quite apart from the political fallout, there is the nagging worry that the economy may already be on the brink of recession.
▪
Sometimes it is the economy that goes wrong.
▪
Sparse, willful and distinct, Ladd manages an enviable economy with his music.
▪
The absence of competition in the command political economy can result in problems as serious as those from excessive competition.
▪
The republics would need to create the legal framework and conditions for market economies.
▪
The rush to a market economy is not enough: all that will bring is the destruction of the old system.