transcription, транскрипция: [ ˈpe-n ə l-tē ]
noun
( plural -ties )
Etymology: Middle English penalte, from Middle French penalité, from Medieval Latin poenalitas, from Latin poenalis
Date: 15th century
1. : the suffering in person, rights, or property that is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a crime or public offense
2. : the suffering or the sum to be forfeited to which a person agrees to be subjected in case of nonfulfillment of stipulations
3.
a. : disadvantage, loss, or hardship due to some action
b. : a disadvantage (as loss of yardage, time, or possession of the ball or an addition to or subtraction from the score) imposed on a team or competitor for violation of the rules of a sport
4. : points scored in bridge by the side that defeats the opposing contract — usually used in plural
• penalty adjective