I.
noun
1 learning
ADJECTIVE
▪ full-time , part-time
▪ graduate , postgraduate
▪ independent , private
▪
This grammar book is suitable both for classroom use and for independent ~.
▪ academic
▪
The course integrates academic ~ and practical training.
▪ language
… OF STUDY
▪ course , programme/program
VERB + STUDY
▪ take up
▪
Now that her children are all at school, she's going to take up full-time ~ again.
STUDY + NOUN
▪ group
▪
A ~ group meets every Sunday at the church.
▪ programme/program
▪ leave ( BrE )
▪
The company allows its staff to take paid ~ leave.
▪ skills
▪
The first part of the course is designed to develop students' ~ skills.
▪ hall ( AmE ), period
PREPOSITION
▪ ~ for
▪
full-time ~ for an MA
PHRASES
▪ an area of ~ , a field of ~
▪
Students do a foundation year before specializing in their chosen field of ~.
2 studies sb's learning activities
ADJECTIVE
▪ further
▪
Many undertake further studies after college.
VERB + STUDIES
▪ begin , undertake ( formal )
▪ continue , pursue
▪ complete , finish
▪
When he has completed his studies, he'll travel around the world.
▪ resume , return to
▪
She returned to her studies when her children reached school age.
3 studies subjects
ADJECTIVE
▪ area , business , cultural , management , media , religious , women's , etc.
▪
She's doing women's studies at Liverpool University.
VERB + STUDIES
▪ do
▪ lecture in , teach
▪
He lectures in management studies.
STUDIES + NOUN
▪ department
▪
Princeton's African American studies department
▪ course , programme/program
▪
the university's cultural studies course
4 piece of research
ADJECTIVE
▪ current , new , present , recent
▪
The present ~ reveals an unacceptable level of air pollution in the city.
▪ earlier , original , previous
▪ future
▪ careful , close , comprehensive , detailed , in-depth , intensive , serious
▪
a close ~ of energy prices
▪
She devoted herself to a serious ~ of the literature.
▪ longitudinal
▪
a longitudinal ~ of children in low-income families
▪ definitive , major
▪ initial , pilot , preliminary
▪
A preliminary ~ suggested that the product would be popular.
▪ research
▪
Research studies carried out in Italy confirmed the theory.
▪ clinical , empirical , experimental , systematic , theoretical
▪ anthropological , historical , literary , scientific , sociological , etc.
▪ field
▪
This phenomenon has been observed in field studies.
▪ feasibility
▪
The company undertook an extensive feasibility ~ before adopting the new system.
▪ time-and-motion
▪ case
▪
a detailed case ~ of nine companies
▪ comparative
▪
a comparative ~ of the environmental costs of different energy sources
▪ independent
▪
An independent ~ was commissioned by the department.
VERB + STUDY
▪ commission , fund , support
▪
a ~ commissioned by the World Bank
▪ carry out , conduct , do , make , participate in , undertake , work on
▪
He has made a special ~ of the way that birds communicate.
▪ publish
STUDY + VERB
▪ take place
▪ aim at sth , aim to do sth , attempt to , be aimed at sth , be designed to , set out to
▪
The ~ aims to examine bias in television news coverage.
▪ be based on sth
▪
a ~ based on a sample of male white-collar workers
▪ concern sth , cover sth , deal with sth , examine sth , explore sth , focus on sth , investigate sth , look at sth
▪
The ten-year ~ covered 13 000 people aged 15-25.
▪ compare sth
▪
The ~ compares the incidence of bone cancer in men and women.
▪ conclude sth , confirm sth , demonstrate sth , document sth , find sth , indicate sth , prove sth , report sth , reveal sth , say sth , show sth , suggest sth , support sth , warn sth
▪
A new ~ shows that fewer students are ~ing science.
▪ provide sth
▪
The ~ provided valuable insight into the development of the disease.
▪ highlight sth , identify sth
▪
The ~ highlighted three problem areas.
STUDY + NOUN
▪ group
▪
The ~ group was selected from a broad cross section of the population.
▪ session
PREPOSITION
▪ according to a/the ~ , in a/the ~
▪
In a recent ~, 40% of schools were found to be understaffed.
▪ under ~
▪
the biochemical process under ~
▪ ~ into
▪
a ~ into the viability of the mine
▪ ~ on
▪
a definitive ~ on medieval weapons
PHRASES
▪ an area of ~ , a field of ~
▪ the author of a/the ~
▪ the objective of a/the ~ , the purpose of a/the ~
▪ the findings of a/the ~ , the results of a/the ~
▪ the subject of a/the ~
▪
Shakespeare is the subject of a new ~ by Kraft.
II.
verb
1 spend time learning about sth
ADVERB
▪ hard
▪ abroad
PREPOSITION
▪ at
▪
to ~ at college
▪ for
▪
She is ~ing hard for her exams.
▪ under , with
▪
He studied under Professor Sager.
2 examine sth carefully
ADVERB
▪ carefully , closely , in depth , in detail , intensively , intently
▪
She picked up the letter and studied it carefully.
▪
In the third year a number of areas are studied in detail.
▪ extensively , widely
▪ fully , thoroughly
▪ systematically
▪ thoughtfully
▪
He studied her thoughtfully, then smiled.
PHRASES
▪ be well studied
▪
This area has not been well studied.
▪
The influence of heredity is best studied in identical twins.
Study is used with these nouns as the subject: ↑ eye , ↑ researcher , ↑ scientist
Study is used with these nouns as the object: ↑ ballet , ↑ anatomy , ↑ aspect , ↑ behaviour , ↑ Bible , ↑ book , ↑ cause , ↑ collection , ↑ composition , ↑ craft , ↑ data , ↑ detail , ↑ document , ↑ ecology , ↑ effect , ↑ effectiveness , ↑ evidence , ↑ feasibility , ↑ galaxy , ↑ impact , ↑ implication , ↑ influence , ↑ judo , ↑ karate , ↑ language , ↑ literature , ↑ manual , ↑ map , ↑ menu , ↑ module , ↑ movement , ↑ nail , ↑ painting , ↑ phenomenon , ↑ possibility , ↑ problem , ↑ profile , ↑ property , ↑ record , ↑ reflection , ↑ region , ↑ relationship , ↑ religion , ↑ remains , ↑ sample , ↑ scripture , ↑ subject , ↑ syllabus , ↑ text , ↑ theatre , ↑ videotape , ↑ workings