BEAR


Meaning of BEAR in English

I. ˈbe(ə)r, ˈba(a)(ə)r, ˈbeə, ˈba(a)ə noun

( -s ; see sense 1 )

Usage: often attributive

Etymology: Middle English bere, from Old English bera; akin to Old High German bero bear, Lithuanian bėras brown, Old English brūn — more at brown

1. or pl bear

a. : an animal of the family Ursidae (order Carnivora) of large heavy mammals having long shaggy hair, rudimentary tail, and plantigrade feet, feeding largely on fruit and insects as well as on flesh, and though ordinarily slow and clumsy moving very fast for short distances especially on rough or steep ground — see grizzly bear , polar bear

b. Australia : koala

c. : the fur or pelt of any bear

2.

a. : a person felt to resemble a bear especially in surly irascibility, coarse uncouthness, or shambling burliness

bad-tempered and demanding, he was a perfect bear all morning

a lumbering good-natured bear of a man

b. : a person having a special aptitude, excellence, or enthusiasm

a bear at mathematics

: one showing resolution or ruggedness in enduring

a bear for punishment

3.

[probably from bear as used in the proverb about selling the bearskin before catching the bear ]

a. obsolete : a stock or commodity sold short

b. : one that sells short : one interested in price decline : one who wishes or expects a fall in stock prices — compare bull

4. : a mat or matting-covered block especially for scouring decks ; sometimes : holy stone

5. : a small invertebrate animal felt to resemble a bear: as

a. : water bear

b. : ant bear

c. : woolly bear

6. : a nearly neutral slightly brownish dark gray — called also Chaetura drab

7. : a cub scout of the third rank who is at least nine years old

II. transitive verb

( -ed/-ing/-s )

: to lower prices in or at : depress

attempts to bear the stock market

III. ˈbē(ə)r, ˈbe(ə)r noun

( -s )

Etymology: Middle English bere, from Old English — more at barley

chiefly Scotland : barley

IV. ˈbe(ə)r, ˈba(a)(ə)r, ˈbeə, ˈba(a)ə verb

( bore ˈbō(ə)r, ˈbȯ(ə)r, ˈbōə, ˈbȯ(ə) ; or archaic bare pronounced like bear ; borne ˈbō(ə)rn, ˈbȯ(ə)rn, ˈbōən, ˈbȯ(ə)n ; also born ˈbȯ(ə)rn, ˈbȯ(ə)n ; (see vt 2a,d,e,f) or dialect bore pronounced like bore above ; bearing ; bears )

Etymology: Middle English beren, from Old English beran; akin to Old High German beran to carry, Old Norse bera, Gothic bairan, Latin ferre, Greek pherein, Sanskrit bharati he carries

transitive verb

1.

a. : to move while holding up or supporting often with effort or special care : carry

let four captains bear Hamlet, like a soldier to the stage — Shakespeare

bearing gifts to the newborn prince

b. : to be accoutered or fitted out with : carry as equipment

the right to bear a sword in the king's presence

c. : to harbor or entertain mentally or emotionally ; sometimes : cherish

bearing malice in his heart

the love he bore his mother

d. : to carry as a communication and usually to relate

killing the runner bearing the orders

constantly bearing tales

e. : behave , conduct , deport — used reflexively

bearing himself well in battle

f. archaic : manage , wield , exercise

bear his power wisely

bearing the rule in the land

g. : to have as an attribute, feature, or characteristic

bearing a likeness to the suspect

bearing the scars of old wounds

: be capable of (as meaning or significance)

a word bearing many meanings

h. : to adduce in testifying

bearing false witness

bear testimony

i. : to have attached to one by way of identification, characterization, or evaluation

bearing the name of John Doe

bearing a good local reputation

bearing a high price

j. : to use as an armorial emblem

bearing the family coat of arms

k. : to have as a bodily part

bearing a good pair of eyes

l. obsolete : win : prevail in — used only with it

bear it by speaking a great word — Francis Bacon

m. : lead , escort

bear the officer to his quarters

n. : render , give , tender

bear a hand in helping

o. : transport

goods borne in neutral ships

air borne troops

2.

a. : to give birth to (offspring) : bring forth (young) — borne is the usual past participle form in active uses

she has borne several children

and is commonly used in passives seeming to suggest the action of giving birth especially as used with by

several children borne by her

— born is the usual form in passives indicating the fact of birth

a son born to her

he was born in the city

and in adjective uses indicating condition or status often with durative aspect

new- born kittens

a suitor lowly born — W.S.Gilbert

b. : produce : send forth as yield especially as leaf, flower, or fruit

a tree bearing late pears

a bush bearing red flowers

c. : afford:

(1) : to permit growth of often readily

this soil bears good cotton

(2) : to contain in quantity and form permitting extraction

oil- bearing shale

(3) : to yield to the owner

a bond that bears interest

d. : to call into being — used only in the passive; born is the usual past participle form

with this discovery a new age was born

e. : to give birth to or to develop with a special predisposition or bent — used only in the passive; born is the usual past participle form

he loved teaching; he had been born to it

f. : extrude — used mainly in the passive; born is the usual past participle form

after the lamb's head was born

3.

a. : sustain : support or hold up without moving

b.

(1) : tolerate : sustain with opposing or resisting — usually used in negative constructions

a nuisance not to be borne longer

(2) : to endure especially without giving way, collapsing, or succumbing

bearing his sorrows as best he could

pain more than he could bear

(3) : to tolerate without discomfort or distaste : come to accept the presence of — usually used in negative constructions

he could not bear his sister-in-law

c.

(1) : assume , accept

he must bear the blame

(2) : to incur and defray

bear by himself the whole cost of the arrangement

d. : to hold up : keep from falling

columns that bear the roof

— often used with up

a support that bears up the weight

e. : to hold above, on top, or aloft — usually used with adverb or prepositional phrase

a banner borne aloft

a table bearing several vases

f. : to endure with ill will, resentment, or grievance : experience with bitterness or other deep unpleasant feeling — usually used with hard or heavy

he bore it hard to be ignored

— obs. with a personal object

Ligarius doth bear Caesar hard — Shakespeare

g.

(1) : to show as written, inscribed, or otherwise displayed on a surface

a cornerstone bearing a Latin inscription

a letter bearing the date of 1900

a shield bearing strange symbols

(2) : to enter on a list : enroll , register — used passively

inactive personnel still borne on the rolls

h.

(1) : to allow or admit of : be capable of sustaining without violence or wrenching

a style that can bear adornment

a work that will not bear close scrutiny

(2) : suggest , provoke , invite

his book bore heavy praise

the answer of this witness will bear examination

i. archaic : purport , import , signify

her sentence bore that she should stand a certain time upon the platform — Nathaniel Hawthorne

j. : take , play

bearing only a secondary part

4. : thrust , drive , press : impel with force

the defenders being borne backward

a canoe borne down the rapids

intransitive verb

1.

a. : to force one's way : make way against resistance : press

bear back that the prince may pass

b. : to be situated, often as to compass direction

the land bears N by E

the fleet bearing directly off the point

c. : to extend or continue usually along a direction indicated or implied

a stream bearing south for several miles

d. : to show a certain direction, range, or aim : to have a position commanding an objective (as an enemy position) — used with on or upon

to bring guns to bear upon a target

e. : go , proceed

nearer and nearer the foe are bearing

often : to direct or take a course (in an indicated way) especially with a slight veering or inclination rather than a right-angle turn

the road bears west beyond the lake

bear right into the outer lane at the next corner but do not turn

2.

a. : to relate or have relevance : apply , pertain

facts bearing on the question

b. : to exert influence or force : affect , sway : put into effect

to bring pressure to bear

how this discovery will bear on later developments

legislation brought to bear directly upon industry — Harriet Martineau

c. : to exert pressure or repose weight : push on or against something

the wall bearing on the floor

an arch bearing against piers

3.

a. : to become subjected to a strain especially in a structure : withstand a strain

a wall added later that does not bear

these small joists will not bear

b. obsolete : to hold good : be convincing

c. : to support a person's or a vehicle's weight without cracking or breaking

wondering if the thawing ice would still bear

4. : to produce as fruit : be fruitful : yield

plants that bear well

Synonyms:

produce , yield , turn out : bear in the sense here involved usually implies a giving birth to or a bringing forth naturally

bearing children

a sow may bear litters of over a dozen

these fruit trees bear very well

produce is very wide in its application and is used for any act of bringing forth or making

the tree will produce no fruit

a pair will produce over a hundred offspring

the factory is producing more silk than ever

he produced a book on the subject at the publisher's request

not until the end of the tenth century did the English produce a truly notable prose writer — Kemp Malone

George was dead. This death produced no effect of sadness on me at all — Arnold Bennett

yield may center attention on the fact of giving forth or out of something within

the farms yielded a variety of fruit, vegetables, poultry, and cattle — American Guide Series: New Jersey

these areas yield about one hundred thousand barrels of oil a day — Current Biography

turn out indicates production or result of previous labor or effort

the factory is now turning out more automobiles

Synonyms:

endure , suffer , abide ; tolerate , stand : bear is likely to indicate the power of sustaining an affliction onerous or difficult without breaking or flinching

bear the brunt of the fighting

bear the major part of the loss

bear the pain of the illness

his decency, which has made him bear prolonged and intolerable humiliation with control and courtesy — Marya Mannes

a hardy crew, these men who bore the hardships of the lumbering industry — American Guide Series: Washington

endure indicates the fact of lasting without succumbing, of continuing unbroken or firm through trials and difficulties

he had endured, and was to endure again, a life of tragic penury — W.B.Yeats

an element of the austere which has allowed him to endure the miseries of prison life with indifference — Times Literary Supplement

Chinese culture has endured many conquerors but has always managed to absorb them — Stuart Chase

suffer indicates the experiencing of affliction, or what is felt to be like affliction, sometimes with voluntary acceptance

identify himself so thoroughly with the cause of the exploited Indian that he denounced his Puritan fellows and suffered exile — H.A.Overstreet

braves suffered their hands and noses to be cut off for their defiance of Spanish authority — American Guide Series: Florida

for a moment the girl suffered the caress; almost she seemed to nestle closer to the Dowager's shoulder — Rafael Sabatini

abide may refer notably to looking forward to afflictive circumstances or agencies as well as trying to endure them with patience and stoicism

I had been grossly wrong, and must abide the consequences — Jane Austen

he fled to Sicily, with a tacit confession that he dared not abide his trial — J.A.Froude

she was a professional do-gooder, a professional busybody; Hawthorne could not abide her — H.S.Commager

tolerate suggests an enduring or countenancing conditioned in part by individual characteristics or inclinations

the Father of all mankind seems always to have tolerated a diversity of views among His children — M.R.Cohen

children have been found quite able to tolerate eyeglasses at the age of fifteen months — Morris Fishbein

Arnold swallowed an injustice which others would not have tolerated — R.G.Adams

stand , which sometimes has informal suggestion, may apply to bearing with steady firmness, without discomposure or flinching

his wife could not have stood another winter here — Owen Wister

this interference, is more than we can stand — W.S.Gilbert

Synonym: see in addition carry , press .

- bear a hand

- bear arms

- bear arms against

- bear date

- bear fruit

- bear in hand

- bear in mind

- bear in with

- bear low sail

- bear with

Webster's New International English Dictionary.      Новый международный словарь английского языка Webster.