born 1899, Aydın, Ottoman Empire
died Sept. 17, 1961, İmralı, Tur.
Turkish prime minister (1950–60).
Son of an aristocrat, he entered parliament as a member of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 's Republican People's Party (1930). In 1945 he cofounded the first opposition party, the Democrat Party, and won the premiership in the 1950, 1954, and 1957 elections. His policies included seeking closer ties with Muslim states, encouraging private enterprise, and lifting restraint on religious expression. Intolerant of critics, he instituted press censorship. In challenging Atatürk's ideals, he earned the enmity of the army and was overthrown (1960) and executed.