AGA KHAN I

born 1800 died April 1881 personal name Hasan 'ali Shah imam, or spiritual leader, of the Nizari Isma'ilite sect of the Shi'ite Muslims. He claimed to be directly descended from 'Ali, the son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, and 'Ali's wife Fatimah, Muhammad's daughter, and also from the Fatimid caliphs of Egypt. He was the governor of the Iranian province of Kerman and was high in the favour of Fath 'Ali Shah. The title Aga Khan (chief commander) was granted him in 1818 by the shah of Iran. Under Mohammad Shah, however, he felt his family honour slighted and rose in revolt in 1838 but was defeated and fled to India. He helped the British in the first Anglo-Afghan War (183942) and in the conquest of Sindh (184243) and was granted a pension. After he had settled in Bombay, he encountered some opposition from a minority of his followers, who contested the extent of his spiritual authority and in a lawsuit challenged his control over the community's funds, but he won his case (1866).