DESIDERIO DA SETTIGNANO

born c. 1430, , Settignano, republic of Florence died January 1464, Florence Florentine sculptor whose works, particularly his marble low reliefs, were unrivaled in the 15th century for subtlety and technical accomplishment. Desiderio was raised in a family of stone masons and entered the Stone and Wood Carvers' Guild of Florence in 1453. Little is known about his education, although he was influenced by the Italian relief sculptor Donatello. Desiderio's delicate, sensitive, highly original style is perhaps most exquisitely manifest in his sensuous portrait busts of women and children. These lyrical pieces convey a wide range of moods and emotions, from joy and charm to melancholy and pensiveness. His sense of design and highly refined skill as a marble cutter established him as a master of low reliefs. Some of the most notable are his studies of the Madonna and Child, St. John, and Christ as an infant. Sometime after 1453 Desiderio designed and carved the monument of the humanist Carlo Marsuppini in the Church of Santa Croce in Florence. With its rich architectural detail and its admirable effigy, this tomb is exceptionally important in the history of Florentine wall monument. He carved the frieze of heads for Filippo Brunelleschi's Pazzi Chapel in Florence sometime after 1451 and completed the marble Altar of the Sacrament in San Lorenzo, Florence (1461), which is considered to be one of the decorative masterpieces of the 15th century. Desiderio masterfully employed the technique of rilievo stiacciato (low, or flattened, relief) in a style related to that of Donatello. The delicacy of contrast in his carvings gives his surfaces a glowing, ethereal quality, as seen in his Angel from the Altar of the Sacrament (145861) and many of his busts of women.