GIBBONS, CEDRIC

born March 23, 1893, Dublin, Ire. died July 26, 1960, Westwood, Calif., U.S. art director for the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) motion-picture studio; his name appears on nearly 1,500 films produced by that studio during the 32 years (192456) that he worked there. Gibbons' earliest work was for the Thomas A. Edison and Goldwyn studios. While negotiating with MGM in 1924, he had a clause inserted in his contract that said his name would be listed as art director on every MGM film made in the United States, but from 1925 on, almost all the studio's productions were designed by a group of artists. Gibbons was nominated by the Motion Picture Academy of Arts and Sciences for 37 Academy Awards and won 11, but only one was for a film that he had designed aloneThe Bridge of San Luis Rey (1929). Credit is usually given to Gibbons for designing the Academy's Oscar statuette that is awarded to winning nominees. Gibbons was among the first to replace painted scenery with three-dimensional furnishings. His lighting innovations gave MGM films of the era a characteristic look, and his Art Deco sets for Our Dancing Daughters (1928) and other films set interior decorating trends across America. Gibbons directed one film, Tarzan and His Mate (1934), highly praised for its visual qualities, and in 1950 the Academy gave him a special award for his consistent excellence in production design.