KOSINSKI, JERZY

born June 14, 1933, Ldz, Pol. died May 3, 1991, New York, N.Y., U.S. in full Jerzy Nikodem Kosinski Polish-born American writer whose novels were sociological studies of individuals in controlling and bureaucratic societies. At the age of six, upon the outbreak of World War II, Kosinski, a Jew, was separated from his parents and wandered through Poland and Russia, living by his wits and under threat of being discovered and killed by the Nazis. He became mute and did not regain his speech until 1947. From 1950 to 1955 he studied at the University of Ldz, receiving two M.A. degrees, in history and political science, and from 1955 to 1957 he was professor of sociology at the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1957 he emigrated to the United States (settling in New York), taught himself English, and published two nonfiction works, The Future Is Ours, Comrade: Conversations with the Russians (1960) and No Third Path (1962), under the pen name Joseph Novak. Kosinski then took the literary world by storm with The Painted Bird (1965), a graphic, fictionalized retelling of his own horrific experiences as a Jewish child in World War II. This was followed by Steps (1968), which won the National Book Award, and Being There (1971; film 1979), a satiric fable about Chance, a simple-minded gardener whose innocence, shallow platitudes, and total dependence on television for his vision of the world are interpreted as evidence of profound genius by socialites, business leaders, and politicians. Kosinski had less success with his later novels, The Devil Tree (1973; revised 1981), Cockpit (1975), Passion Play (1979), Pinball (1982), and The Hermit of 69th Street (1988). In later years Kosinski was an active member of several Polish-Jewish foundations and was president (197375) of the American branch of the international writers organization PEN. Suffering from a deteriorating heart condition, Kosinski committed suicide by asphyxiation.