MONOMAKH'S CAP

oldest of the Russian crowns kept in the Kremlin, Moscow. It is a gold skullcap composed of eight sectors elaborately ornamented with a scrolled overlay of gold filigree and bordered with fur. The cap appears to be Oriental work of the late 13th or early 14th century, but in the 15th century a legend sprang up to the effect that the cap had been given by the Byzantine emperor Constantine Monomachus to Vladimir Monomakh, prince of Kiev, in the 12th century. The finial decoration on the top, the jewels on the sides, and the characteristic broad fur border are later additions, probably dating from the 16th century.