MORISON, STANLEY

born May 6, 1889, Wanstead, Essex, Eng. died Oct. 11, 1967, London English typographer, scholar, and historian of printing, particularly remembered for his design of Times New Roman, later called the most successful new typeface of the first half of the 20th century. Following an elementary-school education, Morison became, in 1905, a clerk in the London City Mission, where he remained for seven years. After reading a printing supplement in The Times in 1912, he became interested in the study of typography and type design. The supplement also contained an advertisement for a new periodical, The Imprint, the purpose of which was to raise the standards of printing. Answering an advertisement in the first issue, Morison joined the publication, which, although short-lived, gave him important typographic experience and led to his employment by the publishers Burns and Oates. There, from 1913 to 1917, he had an opportunity to design books and publicity material. Periods with the Pelican Press (191921) and Cloister Press (192122) gave him further printing and typographic experience. In 1923 Morison was appointed typographic adviser to the Monotype Corporation, where he was instrumental in having many important typefaces of the past adapted to machine composition. For three years (192325) he was also a writer and an editor on the staff of the Penrose Annual, which he helped to broaden from its former stress on technical processes in the graphic arts. In 1923 he was appointed typographic adviser to Cambridge University Press, a position he held until 1959. From 1926 to 1930 he was editor of The Fleuron, an influential typographic journal. In 1929 Morison joined the staff of The Times, for which he designed a new face, Times New Roman, which appeared for the first time on Oct. 3, 1932. He continued with The Times in various capacities until he retired in 1960. He was editor of The Times Literary Supplement from 1945 to 1947. Morison's extensive and influential writings include Four Centuries of Fine Printing (1924) and First Principles of Typography (1936). He was the major author of History of The Times, 4 vol. (1935, 1939, 1947, and 1952). He was a member of the Board of Editors of Encyclopdia Britannica and a contributor to its 14th edition (1929).