NORTON, ANDRE

born Feb. 17, 1912, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. original name Alice Mary Norton prolific best-selling American author of science-fiction and fantasy adventure novels for both juveniles and adults. Norton entered Western Reserve University in 1930 but two years later began an 18-year career as a children's librarian at the Cleveland (Ohio) Public Library. She legally changed her name to Andre Norton in 1934, when her historical fantasy The Prince Commands was published; it was the first of eight novels that she published while working as a librarian. Among her early novels was an espionage trilogy about the Dutch underground during World War II, consisting of The Sword Is Drawn (1944), Sword in Sheath (1949), and At Swords' Point (1954). While working for the science-fiction publisher Gnome Press in the 1950s, she first tried her hand at science fiction, producing Star Man's Son, 2250 A.D. (1952); it was reprinted in paperback as Daybreak2250 A.D., and it sold more than a million copies. Norton's fast-moving science-fiction and fantasy tales usually feature adolescents undergoing rites of passagetests of physical, emotional, and moral strength. Her future worlds are detailed and colourful. The most noted of her more than 100 books are those in her Witch World series, set on a matriarchal planet. She published the final book of the series, The Warding of Witch World, in 1996. A group of cat stories cowritten with Dorothy Madlee, beginning with Star Ka'at (1976), also were popular, as were the multivolume Catfantastic anthologies that she coedited with Martin H. Greenberg.