RICHARDSON, JOHN

(b. Oct. 4, 1796, probably Fort George, Upper Canada [now Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ont., Can.]d. May 12, 1852, New York, N.Y., U.S.), Canadian writer of historical and autobiographical romantic novels. Little is known of Richardson's early years. As a British volunteer in the War of 1812, he was taken prisoner and held in Kentucky. After his release some nine months later, he served as a British officer in England, Barbados, and Spain. He returned to Canada in 1838 and remained there in a variety of positions until 1849, when he moved to New York. Richardson's first publication was the metrical romance Tecumseh; or, The Warrior of the West (1828). He wrote his first novel, cart; or, The Salons of Paris, 3 vol. (1829), in a realistic but somewhat sensational style. Its sequel was Frascati's; or, Scenes in Paris (1830). His only enduring work is his third novel, Wacousta; or, The Prophecy, 2 vol. (1832), a Gothic story about Pontiac's War (the Indian uprising of 176364). Its sequel, The Canadian Brothers; or, The Prophecy Fulfilled, 2 vol. (1840; U.S. edition, Matilda Montgomerie; or the Prophecy Fulfilled), was less successful. Among his works of nonfiction are Personal Memoirs of Major Richardson (1838); War of 1812 (1842), a historical account of his personal experiences; and Eight Years in Canada (1847). He also wrote many short stories published both in Canada and the United States. His later novels include The Monk Knight of St. John; a Tale of the Crusades (1850), Hardscrabble; or, The Fall of Chicago (1856), about the Indian attack on Fort Dearborn in 1812; Wau-nan-gee; or, The Massacre at Chicago (1852), and Westbrook, the Outlaw; or, The Avenging Wolf (1853).