SANDAGE, ALLAN REX

born June 18, 1926, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S. U.S. astronomer who discovered the first quasi-stellar radio source (quasar), a starlike object that is a strong emitter of radio waves. He made the discovery in collaboration with the U.S. radio astronomer Thomas A. Matthews. Sandage became a member of the staff of the Hale Observatories (now the Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories), in California, in 1952 and carried out most of his investigations there. Pursuing the theoretical work of several astronomers on the evolution of stars, Sandage, with Harold L. Johnson, demonstrated in the early 1950s that the observed characteristics of the light and colour of the brightest stars in various globular clusters indicate that the clusters can be arranged in order according to their age. This information provided insight into stellar evolution and galactic structure. Later, Sandage became a leader in the study of quasi-stellar radio sources, comparing accurate positions of radio sources with photographic sky maps and then using a large optical telescope to find a visual starlike source at the point where the strong radio waves are being emitted. Sandage and Matthews identified the first of many such objects in 1961. Sandage later discovered that some of the remote, starlike objects with similar characteristics are not radio sources. He also found that the light from a number of the sources varies rapidly and irregularly in intensity.