STATISTICS: EGYPT

Egypt Official name: Jumhuriyah Misr al-'Arabiyah (Arab Republic of Egypt). Form of government: republic with one legislative house (People's Assembly ). Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Cairo. Official language: Arabic. Official religion: Islam. Monetary unit: 1 Egyptian pound (E) = 100 piastres; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = E 3.41; 1 = E 5.81. Demography Population (1998): 63,261,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 164.2, persons per sq km 63.4. Urban-rural (1996): urban 43.0%; rural 57.0%. Sex distribution (1997): male 50.52%; female 49.48%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 36.5%; 15-29, 28.4%; 30-44, 18.5%; 45-59, 10.8%; 60-74, 4.9%; 75 and over, 0.9%. Population projection: (2000) 65,627,000; (2010) 77,345,000. Ethnic composition (1986): Egyptian 99.9%; other 0.1%. Religious affiliation (1990): Sunni Muslim c. 90%; Christian c. 10%{2}. Major cities ('000; 1996): Cairo 9,900{3}; Alexandria 3,700{3}; Al-Jizah 2,144{4}. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 28.0 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 9.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 19.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 3.5. Life expectancy at birth (1994): male 65.4 years; female 69.5 years. National economy Budget (1995-96). Revenue: E 60,893,000,000 (general taxes 62.8%, of which income tax 22.5%, sales taxes 17.2%, customs duties 13.0%; oil revenue 7.7%; Suez Canal fees 4.9%). Expenditures: E 63,889,000,000 (current expenditure 81.3%, of which debt servicing 25.1%, wages and salaries 22.0%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$28,918,000,000. Population economically active (1995-96): total 16,925,000; activity rate 28.1% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 49.0%; unemployed 9.4%). Production ('000; metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1997): sugarcane 14,105, wheat 5,600, corn (maize) 5,180, tomatoes 5,038, rice 4,900, oranges 1,608, cotton 890, sorghum 650; livestock ('000; number of live animals) 3,491 sheep, 3,250 goats, 2,800 buffalo, 2,700 cattle, 42,000 chickens, 10,380 pigeons{5}; roundwood (1995) 2,698,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 310. Mining and quarrying (1995): kaolin 293,381; iron ore 2,430; salt 1,900. Manufacturing (1995-96): cement 17,200; nitrate fertilizers 7,354; sugar 1,131; cotton yarn 275; refrigerators 373,000 units{6}; automobiles 6,800 units{6}. Construction (1992-93): urban residential units 123,098. Energy production (consumption): electricity ('000,000 kW-hr; 1994) 47,920 (47,920); coal ('000 metric tons; 1994) n.a. (1,852); crude petroleum ('000 barrels; 1994) 323,676 (192,342); petroleum products ('000 metric tons; 1994) 26,424 (16,630); natural gas ('000,000 cu m; 1994) 10,544 (10,544). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$64,275,000,000 (U.S.$1,080 per capita). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1986) 4.9; expenditure (1986-87){7}: food 55.7%, clothing 10.9%, housing 10.5%. Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$2,800,000,000; expenditures U.S.$1,278,000,000. Foreign trade{8} Imports (1995-96): U.S.$13,826,400,000 (machinery and transport equipment 29.7%; foodstuffs 20.9%; iron and steel products 9.5%; chemical products 3.9%). Major import sources: U.S. 18.9%; Germany 9.6%; Italy 7.6%. Exports (1995-96): U.S.$4,592,800,000 (petroleum and petroleum products 48.5%; cotton yarn, textiles, and clothing 12.5%; basic metals and manufactures 5.4%). Major export destinations: Italy 18.6%; U.S. 11.1%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): length 4,810 km; passenger-km 47,992,000,000{9}; metric ton-km cargo 2,336,000,000{9}. Roads (1995): length 58,000 km (paved 78%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 1,280,000; trucks and buses 423,300. Inland water (1996-97): Suez Canal, number of transits 14,704; metric ton cargo 354,591,000. Air transport (1996){10}: passenger-km 8,742,200,000; metric ton-km cargo 197,974,000; airports (1997) 11. Education and health Literacy (1995): total population age 15 and over literate 51.4%; males 63.6%; females 38.8%. Health: physicians (1996) 129,000 (1 per 472 persons); hospital beds (1994) 113,020 (1 per 515 persons); infant mortality rate (1997) 71.0. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 3,327 (vegetable products 94%, animal products 6%); 132% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 450,000 (army 71.1%, navy 4.4%, air force [including air defense] 24.5%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 5.7% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$43. {1} Includes 10 nonelective seats. {2} According to the 1986 census, the Christian population of Egypt was 5.9% of the total; this figure is considered by some external authorities to understate the Christian population by as much as 60%. {3} Population of urban agglomeration. {4} 1992. {5} 1991. {6} 1992-93. {7} Weight of consumer price components; urban households only. {8} Import figures are c.i.f.; export figures are f.o.b. {9} 1993-94. {10} Egypt Air only.