STATISTICS: HUNGARY

Hungary Official name: Magyar Kztrsasg (Republic of Hungary). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (National Assembly ). Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Budapest. Official language: Hungarian. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 forint (Ft) = 100 filler; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Ft 218.38; 1 = Ft 371.79. Demography Population (1998): 10,117,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 281.7, persons per sq km 108.7. Urban-rural (1996): urban 62.6%; rural 37.4%. Sex distribution (1997): male 47.79%; female 52.21%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 17.7%; 15-29, 22.8%; 30-44, 20.9%; 45-59, 19.1%; 60-74, 14.3%; 75 and over, 5.2%. Population projection: (2000) 10,047,000; (2010) 9,845,000. Ethnic composition (1993): Magyar 92%; Gypsy 3%; German 1%; Slovak 1%; Jewish 1%; Southern Slav 1%; other 1%. Religious affiliation (1995): Christian 89.1%, of which Roman Catholic 63.1%, Protestant 25.5% (of which Reformed 19.8%, Lutheran 4.5%); Jewish 0.8%; other 10.1%. Major cities (1997{2}): Budapest 1,885,000; Debrecen 210,000; Miskolc 178,000. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 10.4 (world avg. 25.0); legitimate 77.6%; illegitimate 22.4%. Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 14.1 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): -3.7 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 1.5. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1996): 4.9. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1996): 2.2. Life expectancy at birth (1995): male 65.3 years; female 74.5 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1996): diseases of the circulatory system 680.4; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 320.0. National economy Budget (1997). Revenue: Ft 2,251,896,000,000 (value-added tax 27.8%, income tax 17.8%, payments by enterprises 16.5%, excise duties 11.8%). Expenditures: Ft 2,561,608,000,000 (debt service 32.3%, health 15.9%{3}, education 15.7%{3}, defense 11.3%{4}, social security 8.1%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): corn (maize) 5,917,000, sugar beets 4,687,000, wheat 3,924,000, potatoes 1,093,000, barely 930,000; livestock (number of live animals) 5,032,000 pigs, 977,000 sheep; roundwood (1996) 4,415,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 27,406. Mining and quarrying (1996): bauxite 1,044,000; glass sand 325,000. Manufacturing (value of production in Ft '000,000; 1996): food, beverage, and tobacco products 986,000; machinery and equipment 981,000; chemicals and chemical products 821,000; basic metals and fabricated metal products 419,000. Construction (value of production in Ft '000,000; 1995): residential 23,689{5}; office buildings 21,213. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 33,486,000,000 (35,520,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 14,111,000 (15,369,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 10,537,000 (47,138,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 6,356,000 (7,044,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 4,334,000,000 (9,350,000,000). Land use (1994): forested 19.1%; meadows and pastures 12.4%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 53.9%; other 14.6%. Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$18,423,000,000. Population economically active (1997{6}): total 4,284,200; activity rate of total population 42.2% (participation rates: ages 15-74, 54.9%; female 49.8%; unemployed 8.6%). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$44,274,000,000 (U.S.$4,340 per capita). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1991) 2.8; income per household (1990) Ft 376,195 (U.S.$5,900); sources of income (1995): wages 59.4%, social security benefits (cash) 15.0%, real estate 6.0%; expenditure (1995): food and beverages 40.3%; transportation, communications, and automobile maintenance 19.9%; housing 16.3%; household durable goods 7.1%; culture and recreation 6.2%; clothing 6.1%. Foreign trade Imports (1996): Ft 2,468,100,000,000 (manufactured goods 46.9%, machinery and transport equipment 30.5%, fuels and electrical energy 13.6%, food and live animals 5.0%). Major import sources: Germany 23.6%; Russia 12.5%; Austria 9.5%; Italy 8.1%; France 4.2%; U.S. 3.5%; U.K. 3.3%. Exports (1996): Ft 2,001,700,000,000 (manufactured goods 46.8%, machinery and transport equipment 25.5%, food and live animals 18.4%, fuels and electrical energy 4.1%). Major export destinations: Germany 29.0%; Austria 10.6%; Italy 8.0%; Russia 6.0%; France 3.7%; U.S. 3.5%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): 13,181 km; (1996) passenger-km 9,358,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 7,600,000,000. Roads (1996): total length 29,999 km (paved 93%). Vehicles (1996): passenger cars 2,264,165; trucks and buses 322,000. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 15; total deadweight tonnage 93,204. Air transport (1996){7}: passenger-km 2,762,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 32,950,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 1. Education and health Educational attainment (1990). Population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 1.3%; primary education 57.9%; secondary 30.7%; higher 10.1%. Literacy (1984): population age 15 and over literate 8,269,850 (98.9%); males literate 3,934,250 (99.2%); females literate 4,335,600 (98.6%). Health (1995): physicians 42,489 (1 per 240 persons); hospital beds 92,603 (1 per 110 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1996) 10.9. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 49,100 (army 64.4%, air force 35.6%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.5% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditures U.S.$95. {1} Excludes 13 seats set aside for ethnic minorities. {2} January 1. {3} 1993. {4} 1994. {5} Includes hotel construction. {6} Second quarter. {7} Malv airlines only.