STATISTICS: PORTUGAL

Portugal Official name: Repblica Portuguesa (Portuguese Republic). Form of government: republic with one legislative house (Assembly of the Republic ). Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Lisbon. Official language: Portuguese. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 escudo (Esc) = 100 centavos; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Esc 171.31; 1 = Esc 291.66. Demography Population (1998): 9,964,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 281.0, persons per sq km 108.5. Urban-rural (1996): urban 36.0%; rural 64.0%. Sex distribution (1996): male 48.16%; female 51.84%. Age breakdown (1995): under 15, 18.9%; 15-29, 23.6%; 30-44, 21.6%; 45-59, 16.6%; 60-74, 13.9%; 75 and over, 5.4%. Population projection: (2000) 9,998,000; (2010) 10,170,000. Nationality (1996): Portuguese 98.2%; Cape Verdean 0.4%; other 1.4%. Religious affiliation (1995): Christian 94.8%, of which Roman Catholic 92.2%, Protestant 1.5%, other Christian (Jehovah's Witness 0.7%; Mormon 0.4%) 1.1%; Muslim 0.1%; other and nonreligious 5.1%. Major cities (1991): Lisbon 663,394; Porto 302,467; Amadora 181,774. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 11.1 (world avg. 25.0); (1990) legitimate 85.5%; illegitimate 14.5%. Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 10.8 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): 0.3 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1995): 1.4. Life expectancy at birth (1995-96): male 71.3 years; females 78.6 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1994): circulatory diseases 431.2, of which cerebrovascular diseases 231.0, ischemic heart disease 91.4; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 193.6; respiratory diseases 71.5. National economy Budget (1995). Revenue: Esc 6,110,600,000,000 (import duties and excise taxes 36.7%, social security taxes 290.0%, income and inheritance taxes 24.2%). Expenditures: Esc 6,332,900,000,000 (1988; education 12.4%, health 9.8%, defense 6.6%, administration 5.3%, public works 2.8%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1977): potatoes 1,400,000, grapes 1,240,000, tomatoes 1,020,000, corn (maize) 867,000, olives 300,000, wheat 289,000, apples 200,000, oranges 160,000, cabbages 140,000, rice 140,000, cork 91,870{1}, carrots 83,000; livestock (number of live animals) 6,200,000 sheep, 2,344,000 pigs, 1,311,000 cattle; roundwood (1996) 9,447,800 cu m; fish catch (1995) 265,508. Mining and quarrying (1996): salt 609,639; copper 111,459; kaolin 95,900{1}; tin 8,304; zinc 5,675{2}; tungsten 1,343. Manufacturing (value added in Esc '000,000; 1994): petroleum refining 361,511; machinery and transport equipment 356,941; wearing apparel and footwear 301,942; textiles 273,161; food and beverages 232,161; tobacco 132,614; printing and publishing 114,839. Construction (1993): residential 4,793,000 sq m; nonresidential 2,045,167 sq m{3}. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 31,380,000,000 (32,268,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 147,000 (5,225,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) none (99,069,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 12,251,000 (10,159,000). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1991) 3.1; income per household: n.a.; sources of income (1994-95): wages and salaries 45.8%, property and entrepreneurial income 32.4%, transfer payments 21.5%; expenditure (1994-95): food 23.9%, housing 20.6%, transportation and communications 18.9%, clothing and footwear 6.3%, health 4.6%, other 25.7%. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$100,934,000,000 (U.S.$10,160 per capita). Public debt (1996): U.S.$40,504,000,000. Population economically active (1994): total 4,561,400; activity rate of total population 46.1% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 69.0%{2}; female 44.5%; unemployed 6.8%). Tourism (1996): receipts U.S.$4,325,200,000; expenditures U.S.$2,321,500,000. Land use (1994): forest 35.9%; pasture 10.9%; agriculture 31.5%; other 21.7%. Foreign trade Imports (1994): Esc 4,595,200,000,000 (machinery and transport equipment 34.2%, of which road vehicles and parts 15.1%; food and live animals 11.6%; chemicals and chemical products 9.8%; mineral fuels 8.8%; textiles 6.1%; office machines 3.2%). Major import sources: Spain 19.8%; Germany 13.8%; France 12.8%; Italy 8.5%; United Kingdom 6.6%; The Netherlands 4.3%. Exports (1994): Esc 3,057,600,000,000 (textiles and wearing apparel 25.9%; machinery and transport equipment 21.2%, of which transport equipment 6.0%; footwear 8.7%; cork and wood products 6.2%; chemicals and chemical products 4.7%). Major export destinations: Germany 18.7%; France 14.7%; Spain 14.4%; United Kingdom 11.7%; United States 5.2%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): route length 3,072 km; passenger-km 4,869,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 2,018,000,000. Roads (1995): total length 68,732 km (paved 88%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 2,560,000; trucks and buses 219,696{4}. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 332; total deadweight tonnage 1,129,382. Air transport (1996): passenger-km 7,977,817,000; metric ton-km cargo 209,674,000; airports (1997) 16. Education and health Educational attainment (1991). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 16.1%; some primary education 61.5%; some secondary 10.6%; postsecondary 3.5%. Literacy (1995): total population age 15 and over literate 89.6%; males 92.5%; females 87.0%. Health (1996): physicians 29,902 (1 per 332 persons); hospital beds 39,210 (1 per 253 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1996) 6.9. Food (1996): daily per capita caloric intake 3,639 (vegetable products 74%, animal products 26%); 148% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 59,300 (army 54.1%, navy 25.0%, air force 13.0%, paramilitary national guard 7.9%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 2.6% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$273. {1} 1992. {2} 1993. {3} 1990. {4} 1994.