STATISTICS: TANZANIA

Tanzania Official name: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania (Swahili); United Republic of Tanzania (English). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (National Assembly ). Head of state and government: President. Seat of government: Dar es Salaam{2} (Capital designate, Dodoma). Official languages: Swahili; English. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 Tanzania shilling (T Sh) = 100 cents; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = T Sh 659.65; 1 = T Sh 1,123.05. Demography Population (1998): 30,609,000. Density (1998){3}: persons per sq mi 83.9, persons per sq km 32.4. Urban-rural (1995): urban 24.4%; rural 75.6%. Sex distribution (1996): male 49.17%; female 50.83%. Age breakdown (1996): under 15, 44.8%; 15-29, 28.6%; 30-44, 14.2%; 45-59, 7.8%; 60-74, 3.7%; 75 and over, 0.9%. Population projection: (2000) 31,963,000; (2010) 39,390,000. Doubling time: 29 years. Ethnolinguistic composition (1987): Nyamwezi and Sukuma 21.1%; Swahili 8.8%; Hehet and Bena 6.9%; Haya 5.9%; Makonde 5.9%; Nyakyusa 5.4%; Chagga 4.9%; other 41.1%. Religious affiliation (1984): Muslim 35%; animist 35%; Christian 30%. Major cities (1988): Dar es Salaam 1,360,850; Mwanza 223,013; Dodoma 203,833; Tanga 187,155; Zanzibar 157,634. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 41.0 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 17.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): 24.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 5.6. Life expectancy at birth (1995): male 41.5 years; female 45.0 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population: n.a.; however, the major diseases include malaria, bilharziasis, tuberculosis, and sleeping sickness. National economy Budget (1996-97). Revenue: T Sh 564,000,000,000 (import duties 29.7%, sales and excise tax 25.0%, income tax 24.1%). Expenditures: T Sh 673,000,000, 000 (public administration 27.4%, interest payments on debt 14.8%, other 57.8%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996) U.S.$6,104,000,000. Tourism (1995): receipts from visitors U.S.$259,000,000; expenditures by nationals abroad U.S.$360,000,000{4}. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture (1996): cassava 5,912,000, corn (maize) 2,638,000, sugarcane 1,560,000, rice 681,000, bananas 631,000, plantains 631,000, sorghum 609,000, coconuts 375,000, sweet potatoes 358,000, millet 338,000, potatoes 245,000; livestock (number of live animals) 13,360,000 cattle, 9,682,000 goats, 3,955,000 sheep, 335,000 pigs, 27,000,000 chickens; roundwood (1995) 35,577,000 cu m; fish catch (1993) 345,000. Mining and quarrying (1994): gemstones (including emeralds, sapphires, and rubies) 33,000 kg; gold 3,370 kg; diamonds 15,700 carats. Manufacturing (1995): cement 796,000; fresh meat and poultry 291,000{5}; sugar 88,000; hides and skins 48,325{4}; soap 20,000{5}; wheat flour 3,000{6}; textiles 12,000,000 m. Construction: n.a. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 912,000,000 (912,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 4,000 (4,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) none (4,288,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 579,000 (657,000). Gross national product (1996){7}: U.S.$5,174,000,000 (U.S.$170 per capita). Population economically active (1994): total 13,852,000; activity rate 48.0% (participation rates : over age 10, 87.8%; female 40.0%). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1988) 5.2; income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a.; expenditure (1994): food 64.2%, clothing 9.9%, housing 8.3%, energy 7.6%, transportation 4.1%. Land use (1995): forested 37.0%; meadows and pastures 39.6%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 4.2%; other 19.2%. Foreign trade Imports (1996): T Sh 804,949,000,000 (1995; machinery 31.3%, consumer goods 27.1%, chemicals 4.7%, food 2.3%). Major import sources (1995): U.K. 9.7%; Kenya 9.1%; Japan 7.2%; China 4.9%; India 4.7%. Exports (1996): T Sh 441,344,000,000 (coffee 21.6%; cotton 18.2%, cashew nuts 9.7%, tobacco 4.1%). Major export destinations (1995): Germany 9.6%; Japan 8.5%; India 8.4%; U.K. 5.7%; Rwanda 5.0%; The Netherlands 5.2%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): length 3,569 km; passenger-journeys 1,517,000{8}; metric ton-km cargo 1,160,000,000{8}. Roads (1995): length 88,100 km (paved 4.2%). Vehicles (1994): passenger cars 47,500; trucks and buses 38,000. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 43; deadweight tonnage 48,465. Air transport (1995){9}: passenger-km 184,383,000; metric ton-km 2,904,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 11. Education and health Educational attainment (1978). Percentage of population age 10 and over having: no schooling 48.6%; some primary education 40.7%; completed primary 8.7%; secondary and higher 1.9%. Literacy (1995): percentage of population age 15 and over literate 67.8%; males 79.4%; females 56.8%. Health (1993): physicians 1,365 (1 per 20,511 persons); hospital beds 26,820 (1 per 1,000 persons); infant mortality rate (1995) 107. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,024 (vegetable products 93%, animal products 7%); 81% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1996): 34,600 (army 86.7%, navy 2.9%, air force 10.4%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.8% (world 3.0%); per capita expenditure U.S.$2. {1} Includes 43 nonelective seats. {2} Government in process of being transferred from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma; legislative branch meets in Dodoma. {3} Based on the total area of 364,901 sq mi. {4} 1993. {5} 1992. {6} 1991. {7} Mainland Tanzania only. {8} Tanzanian Railways only; 1994. {9} Air Tanzania only.