ACTION

Meaning of ACTION in English

I. noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES

a libel action/case/trial (= a court case against someone for libel )

a plan of action

▪

Ministers are discussing a plan of action to deal with the crisis.

action point

action replay

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an action replay of the week we spent in Jamaica

action stations

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Crew, return to action stations!

affirmative action

an action plan

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My accountant developed a detailed action plan with specific targets.

appropriate action

▪

I can assure you that appropriate action will be taken.

call for action

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The European Parliament have called for action on age discrimination.

capillary action

class action

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class-action lawsuits

combined effort/action/operation

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Dinner was a combined effort.

concrete action

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In order to solve this problem, the government must take concrete action.

corrective action/measures

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corrective measures to deal with the country’s serious economic decline

court action (= a court case )

▪

He was threatened with court action.

decisive action

▪

a talent for quick decisive action

decisive action/steps

▪

We will take decisive steps towards political union with Europe.

direct action

▪

Peaceful direct action by pressure groups has a powerful effect on public opinion.

disciplinary action (= things you do to punish someone )

▪

The investigation led to disciplinary action against two officers.

drastic action/measures

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NATO threatened drastic action if its terms were not met.

effective action

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The police must take effective action to protect the public.

galvanized...into action

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The possibility of defeat finally galvanized us into action .

get a piece of the action

▪

And will foreign firms get a piece of the action ?

immediate action

▪

They promise immediate action to help the unemployed.

industrial action

military action

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The government has threatened to take military action if the rebels do not withdraw from the area.

no further action

▪

We have decided to take no further action .

perform an action

▪

The children sing and perform the actions to nursery songs.

political action committee

preventive action/measure

▪

While travelling abroad, take preventive measures to avoid illness.

prod...into action

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The strike may prod the government into action .

punitive action/measures etc

▪

The agency sent a letter, but took no punitive action.

shocked into action

▪

She was shocked into action by the desperate situation in the orphanages.

spurred...into action

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It was an article in the local newspaper which finally spurred him into action .

strike action (= a strike )

▪

Hospital workers have voted in favour of strike action.

urgent action

▪

Urgent action is needed to boost employment.

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ ADJECTIVE

affirmative

▪

Indeed, equal opportunity policies, and strategies of affirmative action , can be built into selective assessments.

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Immediate business goals will supersede long-term goals for affirmative action .

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Poor blacks dislike the Republican attack on welfare; rich blacks resent the Republican criticism of affirmative action .

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Last year the court narrowed the scope of affirmative action programs that give minorities preference in such matters as employment and education.

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For some individuals, affirmative action may still do more good than harm.

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Recent Supreme Court decisions have put limits on the use of affirmative action to assure diversity in student bodies.

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Dole also switched his position on affirmative action , saying he wanted to dismantle a program he previously supported.

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The increasing hostility to affirmative action has rubbed off on the diversity movement.

appropriate

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He also has the responsibility of deciding the appropriate action for changes where rejection would be contentious.

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In its extreme form, the domain of appropriate state action is reduced to almost nothing, a perspective usually termed libertarianism.

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The Head of Department in consultation with the Dean is responsible for recommending appropriate action in cases of suspected cheating or plagiarism by students.

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The Domain of State Action One other way of characterizing the state is to define its appropriate domain of action .

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She can avoid punishment by appropriate actions .

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The change in signal frequency is identified by the software and appropriate action taken.

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And all creatures who hear it in time take their own appropriate , evasive action .

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This information could then be used by those controlling the production process to take appropriate corrective action .

corrective

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This information could then be used by those controlling the production process to take appropriate corrective action .

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Off the gas, gentle steering correction; the vehicle responds admirably to corrective action .

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Putting things right, of course, is integral to quality improvement and this is where the corrective action teams come in.

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Hence the importance of directing part of the control process to the implementation of appropriate corrective action . 4.

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Taking Corrective Action Corrective action should be taken if performance falls short of standards and the analysis indicates that action is required.

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The relatively continuous use of standard system outputs to determine the necessity for corrective action .

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Monitoring the time and budget of each chunk allows us to identify problems and take corrective action .

decisive

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No one else could have done this as well as Lanfranc with his orderly mind and power of decisive action .

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Conversely, there might be too little capacity for decisive action in a cabinet system when there is no stable majority.

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David Oakenson says that if guilt is proved then decisive action should be taken.

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Suddenly Newland Archer felt himself impelled to decisive action .

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When will the Government take decisive action and end the hell of a mess in that section of industry?

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By streamlining operations, they took the proper, decisive action .

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Much stronger pressures and probably more decisive action was necessary in these circumstances.

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Scottsdale voters took the most decisive action last May, approving a sales-tax increase to buy land in the McDowell Mountains.

direct

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This is demonstrably untrue; the number of direct actions continues in an upwards spiral.

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Consequently, nonviolent direct action as a strategy endured.

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Before this period, behavior has always been a direct action of the child on objects.

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Soon direct action civil rights protesters were busily working with the administration to register voters.

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A couple of the more radical organisations have said they respect a diversity of tactics ranging from popular education to direct action .

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In terms of dealing with the mistaken image of you, there is not much direct action to take.

disciplinary

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They fear that such schemes could lead to disciplinary action against sub-standard teachers and to the beginnings of a merit pay system.

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Warnings, disciplinary actions , and firings were commonplace.

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Any abuse of the Flexible Working Hours facility can result in its withdrawal, in addition to any disciplinary action which may be taken.

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We will take disciplinary action against you screamers.

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For the council's works committee is to consider taking disciplinary action against employees who made serious corruption allegations against senior officials.

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A lower federal court ruled that, irrespective of the circumstances, such disciplinary action is never permitted without a prior hearing.

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We may also consider taking disciplinary action .

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Adultery rather than years of abusiveness towards his wife prompted the church board to take disciplinary action against her husband.

further

▪

No further action is planned by them at the moment.

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The heat grows rapidly; the fumes no doubt hinder any further action .

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On Dec. 10 the Serious Fraud Office confirmed that it would not be taking further action .

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His report will be passed to the Area Manager, who will decide whether any further action is to be taken.

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Following the new allegations against her a further action was taken.

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An action committee over 20 strong was elected at the meeting to decide further action.

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The question then is to decide on the basis of observation whether further action is appropriate.

▪

Canopies: These respond well to the spray-wipe technique using a solvent degreaser often without any further action .

immediate

▪

Few in the scientific community would argue that the scientific evidence justifies immediate extremely drastic action .

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The message you conveyed to me was clear: immediate action must be taken.

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During preceding periods, actions of the child were always dependent on the immediate actions in the environment.

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They say they now want their employers to take immediate action .

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She said she reported the incident to the company's equal employment opportunity manager, who took no immediate action .

▪

Neil Kinnock Immediate action for national recovery Britain faces a huge task of national reconstruction.

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Following an hourlong hearing, a three-member panel of judges took no immediate action on the lawsuit.

industrial

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The favoured strategy so far has been to introduce a cooling-off period before industrial action could be taken.

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More trade-union sponsored Labour candidates were put forward in the 1929 General Election as unions recognized the failure of industrial action .

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But after 1979 levels of industrial action steadily climbed.

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There was a threat of industrial action against Mercury's shareholders.

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There have been frequent disagreements over the use of industrial action to bolster annual negotiations.

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The vendor will be required to warrant that no industrial action has been taken or threatened in the last few years.

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Up to 1925, however, industrial action had not appeared to work and threatening postures had not generally been successful against employers.

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The council says the withholding of poll tax payments and industrial action by treasury staff have made it difficult to collect money.

legal

▪

Mr Widmer said there seemed little hope of reaching a settlement before Caldaire turned to legal action .

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They will threaten legal action for nonpayment.

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He will avoid legal action 6.

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But of the 28,000 names affected by this scandal, 16,000 are currently taking legal action .

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That's where legal expenses insurance helps - it protects against the cost of taking legal action .

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Any discussion of legal action must be preceded by a caveat on costs.

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I hope that the Minister will take the necessary legal action .

military

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In relative terms, Britain was shown to be a middle-ranking power with her ability to take independent military action strictly limited.

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Compared with the early brutal and bloody encounters, the military action was relatively swift and effective.

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On the one hand military action must be pursued with maximum efficiency, defined by military criteria.

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Most of its partisans had focused mainly on military actions , neglecting political efforts necessary to mobilize mass support.

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Both organizations demanded his return to power, while not endorsing military action .

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Carter ordered the Pentagon to prepare a contingency plan for military action to rescue the hostages.

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Earlier, Selby's brother Jon expressed fears that the authorities were planning military action .

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Virtually everyone agrees that if there is to be any military action in Bosnia it must be accompanied by a congressional resolution.

political

▪

Pessimism about the possibilities of political action is not justified.

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Apart from voting, what political action do you think is most important? 3.

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Rather than suffer privately, Mrs Sadoff decided to take political action .

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The political action that has been studied most extensively is the act of voting.

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That bill, which died, also would have capped the amount political action committees could contribute to candidates.

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Chapter 3 will then undertake a similar examination of individual political action and of the activities of groups in the political world.

positive

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For the bold punter, a bid above 100p is unlikely without some signs of positive management action to stabilise cash flow.

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None the less, no positive action to improve race relations in Washington was taken.

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A number of examples of positive action in different countries are noted.

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In other states, the school board may have to take some positive action for the teacher to achieve tenure.

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Carl is a man of clipped sentences and positive , energetic action .

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If we can take positive action to improve communication, then the whole community will benefit.

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She loved electricity -- ghost spirits in positive action .

responsible

▪

Given the knowledge it is always possible to hold some one responsible for their actions .

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My thought is not your though; you are not responsible for my actions .

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The demonstrators were therefore in the wrong and the union could properly be held responsible for their actions .

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Rumor: Sometimes no one is responsible for the action .

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It would deny that men are responsible for their actions , make evil into a positive force.

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They have little or no control over the institutions around them, and are not asked to take their own responsible actions .

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She was not responsible for the actions of her male relatives.

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In fact, you need the first person when you or your organization is responsible for an action .

tough

▪

Police have now warned of tough action against plans to hold any future rave parties.

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Law and order, to take an important example, wins few votes except by the threat of tough actions and crackdowns.

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He called for tougher action by police on motorists who illegally park in and around existing bus stops.

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Ten consumer groups, along with some veterinarians and meat inspectors, are urging even tougher action .

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The basic obstacles to tougher judiciary action are twofold, officials say.

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On machines however, a tough rearguard action was fought by the employers.

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We want to restore the good image of football. Tough action has cut down football hooliganism.

urgent

▪

At a special meeting with the minister, an all-party delegation from the capital's boroughs will press for urgent action .

▪

Earlier this year Aberconwy Community Health Council called for urgent action to tackle the situation.

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Change tack immediately and take urgent action to get some talented protégés into your fast lane.

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But the law-abiding people of Dundalk agree urgent action needs to be taken.

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Please give this URGENT consideration and action . 3.

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After 10 years nothing had happened, so in 1968 the Institute of Trademarks Agents called for urgent action .

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Occasionally, severe shocks will rock the system and urgent action will be needed.

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Also alleging rape and torture, Amnesty urged the government to take urgent action against the security forces.

■ NOUN

class

▪

The lawsuit later became a class action , representing about 1, 400 current and former black Texaco employees.

▪

A class action can drive you crazy.

▪

Sucharow, which represented some of the investors in the class action .

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A settlement is pending in a recent class action suit against Greyhound.

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The law also restricts extra payments to shareholders named in class actions .

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The bill effectively bars migrants from joining class action suits that challenge practices of the Immigration and Naturalization Service.

committee

▪

Students' action committees began coordinating demonstrations and contacting workers' organizations.

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As governor, Weld has shunned political action committee contributions.

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By forming action committees , names are starting to fight back.

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Political action committees can be a huge problem for challengers in federal races.

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The bill would also ban political action committee contributions to federal candidates.

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His political action committee chipped in to numerous campaigns.

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The Clinton campaign does not accept money from political action committees through which teacher unions funnel their contributions.

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Unlike a business corporation or labor union, a charity may not sponsor or support a political action committee .

court

▪

The Financial Statement was a voluntary arrangement, which aimed to avoid court action .

▪

The court action continues Burroughs' exclusive hold on the drug through at least 2005.

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The Commission said this was insufficient and is considering court action .

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It would take another protracted court action and many years of protest before the Front finally wound down.

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A bank is taking court action over the former Tory Party chairman's half a million pound overdraft.

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And if these applications were not approved then the council could face court action from numerous groups.

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Thus an expert's decision obtained after the limitation period will not be enforceable by court action: see Chapter 12.

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Two cases have been referred to arbitration, up to six more are the subject of court action .

group

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Members of a local action group say this isn't good enough.

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Political action groups lay in wait for companies that stumble in their conduct and treatment of multiple stake-holders.

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Indeed, action groups have been formed and petitions signed.

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Under the Apostolic listing are prison visiting, family contacts, catechism classes, Catholic action groups and Sunday schools.

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The parents and their action group had been free to talk to the press.

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The action group is likely to recommend crowded roads such as Park Lane and the A1 route into the city.

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Find out from your Local Council or recycling action group where your nearest collection points are for glass, metals and paper.

libel

▪

His success in the fraudulent libel action against the Star newspaper undoubtedly frightened off a lot of the media.

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Damages Damages in libel actions are difficult to predict.

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Absence of legal aid A libel action is the only important civil right for which legal aid is not available.

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The New Statesman itself and Scallywag have indicated they will contest the libel actions still pending against them.

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The 36-year-old blonde beauty was unable to hide her bitter disappointment at failing to win her libel action against the People.

plan

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Mr Dunion praised the charter's sentiments but criticised its lack of a firm action plan .

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I proceeded to come up with an affirmative action plan for the company that would work.

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Definition of priorities empowers the next stage - an action plan .

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Students will work towards fixed targets regarding the above, but will also negotiate individual action plans .

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It produced a 13-point action plan to reduce the risk of marine pollution.

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The plan is the action plan for a great deal of thinking that has been going on.

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Sets out an action plan , with practical advice on managing changing demand at the neighbourhood level.

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Saturday you have to convince a partner or boss of the value of an action plan .

strike

▪

Interfax reported on May 13 that the health unions would postpone strike action until Aug. 1.

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What is the point of a legal framework if companies can not get a court injunction to stop illegal strike action ?

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At the end of October, egged on by rank-and-file demands for an eight-hour day, the Soviet endorsed renewed strike action .

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The remaining members will be balloted on strike action within the next few days.

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Moreover, strike action could be counterproductive.

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Earlier in the dispute, calls for all-out national strike action had been rejected on Jan. 23 by national union leaders.

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The cost is more than made up for by the fact that virtually no man-hours are lost through strike action .

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By 1914, strike action was running at a rate comparable to that of 1905.

■ VERB

bring

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Also, there are clear benefits from bringing proposed actions together in a formal strategic analysis and long-term financial plan.

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Individuals may also bring a private civil action against an employer for violations.

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This entitled them to bring a patent action against the buyers to enforce the patent.

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She brought an assault action against Caan but later dropped the charge.

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Only a society in which people feel secure in their peer groups can bring about such mass action from below.

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The council is the plaintiff, but it has brought this action to protect the interests of the residents.

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You ought to have instructed your attorney to bring an action against the hawker for criminal conversation with your wife.

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Bowaters told the plaintiffs and they brought an action against officers of the unions to which the drivers and loaders belonged.

defend

▪

The rent reviewer sought to defend an action for negligence on the basis that he was an arbitrator or quasi-arbitrator.

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The book consisted of eighteen chapters; each defended his actions in what purported to be his own words.

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Jacob has defended the action , saying she supports the panel but questions the amount of money it spends.

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Such an order would prevent the defendants using that information for any purpose of defending an action in the Commercial Court.

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Many organisations seemed to have an in-built reluctance to defend their actions or even to provide a constructive and forceful image.

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It is further acknowledged that each of the parties shall indemnify me for all reasonable costs of defending such actions and proceedings.

justify

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Moreover, there were still jurists prepared to justify such action .

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The issues to be decided are contemporary as are the actors with motives or ideas to guide or justify action .

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In both instances the general test should be whether there was some reasonable or sufficient evidence to justify the action .

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Baer promptly did so, hiding behind a cloud of legalese to justify his action .

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Should any relative complain, the doctor may rely upon the directive as justifying his actions .

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Highways chiefs say there is no evidence to justify action being taken in Lily Road, Litherland.

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I wrote to the Secretary of State, but he has not even begun to justify the Government's action .

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If so, ask them how they can justify such action .

require

▪

Achieving environmentally-sustainable mobility must include an expanded role for public transport, and requires many kinds of action .

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Taking Corrective Action Corrective action should be taken if performance falls short of standards and the analysis indicates that action is required .

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The orders did not require such action to be taken.

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Does the bedrock constitutional principle of equal protection for all require affirmative action , merely allow it, or even prohibit it?

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Again, advice and assistance may be different with the latter requiring some positive action on behalf of the client.

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The children are required to perform these actions as they hear the teacher's instructions.

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It does not require any action by the state Legislature.

take

▪

It could never take regulatory action on the basis of a criticism or a complaint alone.

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Fujisaki did not take action against any of the civil trial jurors.

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This means that if the voluntary sector does not take action , virtually nothing gets done.

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It would take another protracted court action and many years of protest before the Front finally wound down.

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Unless there's a positive answer, the Profitboss will take positive action to eliminate the non-contributing resource.

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The commission allowed their deadline to pass without taking action , which clears the companies to proceed.

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A trader knowledgeable of such developments can take appropriate action .

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It observed, and noted, and took no action , as the visitor checked its speed with jets of incandescent gas.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

a piece of the action

▪

After five years in middle management, I'm ready for a real piece of the action.

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A police station, so help me, is a piece of the action.

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But the General wanted a piece of the action.

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But the real race is to adapt the superbike for road use before rivals grab a piece of the action.

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His successors never again ran the town, as he did, but they always had a piece of the action.

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It's not only the players who want a piece of the action.

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Nation shall speak peace unto nation, and I shall grab a piece of the action.

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Or did evil Uncle Humbert destroy it, because under the law he would then get a piece of the action?

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Will foreign firms get a piece of the action?

concerted effort/action/attack etc

▪

As part of a concerted effort to reinvigorate residential communities, 2, 000 new houses have sprung up since 1990.

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He said the pledge was meaningless unless a concerted effort was made to find legislative time for outstanding recommendations.

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However, with a concerted effort, this research could be completed within 2 years.

▪

If we are going to maintain the modern world, then concerted action for the future is urgently needed.

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Prompt response to requests would help to ease the pressure as would a concerted effort being made to increase membership.

▪

She has also made a concerted effort to improve her knowledge.

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The end of the story, of course, is that the students' concerted efforts around the nation worked.

▪

This change is part of a concerted effort to raise our profile with our international customers.

fight a rearguard action

▪

A rearguard action is being fought against the sale of the land for business development.

▪

With their captain and inspiration, Roy Aitken, suspended, Saints seemed to have come prepared to fight a rearguard action.

legal action/proceedings

▪

But, as Kim Barnes reports, Lexie McConnell's family say it won't stop their legal action for negligence.

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He is is now planning legal action to get compensation.

▪

Quiet diplomacy was out; legal action was in.

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That's where legal expenses insurance helps - it protects against the cost of taking legal action.

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The authorities considered these cases suitable for civil, not criminal, legal proceedings.

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The company expected legal action, and it got it.

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The Scheme makes no difference to an employee's rights to take legal action, and the Company accepts no liability.

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This broadly relates to communications between lawyer and client either in relation to the giving of legal advice or in contemplation of legal proceedings.

missing in action

▪

Discussion covered procedures for avoiding accidental clashes, disclosing the location of mines, and exchanging information about those missing in action.

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For investors, the realization that inflation remains missing in action is a positive.

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For the past decade, Gabe Kaplan has been missing in action from the entertainment trenches.

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Kip was never finally listed as killed or missing in action.

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Woodson has been missing in action completely since tearing up his knee in the season opener.

put sth into action/effect/practice

▪

Forest managers have been slow to put the plan into practice.

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But he came gradually to see its viability and to contemplate ways of putting it into practice.

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But there is a long way to go before he establishes a stable government that can put these qualities into action.

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Charles, however, was determined to use the farm at Highgrove as a model to put his ideas into practice.

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Guide us to recognise how great are your resources, and inspire us to put your plans into action.

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If so, he was about to have an opportunity to put it into practice.

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It's time to put his theories into practice and find out the reality.

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The next stage is to implement it or put it into action.

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The next step is to put them into practice.

reflex action

▪

As the knife entered her she seemed to try to double up, but it was only a reflex action.

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By reflex action - a mechanism of the nervous system - the threatened hand is instantly withdrawn and the threatened eye closed.

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He caught her arm in mid-air, a deceptively lazy reflex action, his fingers biting into her forearm.

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His reflex action was to bend and swing round violently, and I was thrown to the ground.

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In a smooth, reflex action honed by years of practice, I say no.

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The reflex action at this point is to descend into cynicism.

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We then moved close and fired from the hip and shoulder in reflex action shooting.

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You develop a reflex action of reaching for the bowl.

spring into action

▪

Bellas and her crew sprang into action.

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Faced with such an unprecedented threat, Church leaders sprang into action.

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He sprang into action when wife Ann, 26, suddenly went into labour in the middle of the night.

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Ten-mile tailbacks blocked roads as bargain hunters sprang into action after three days at home.

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The brave granny sprang into action when she heard Kathleen Wallace scream.

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The six kids who have organized this trip spring into action.

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When a black freshman is threatened with racist graffiti, she is the first to spring into action.

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You know, lulling you to sleep before springing into action.

swing into action

▪

All this would have rotted away had the rescue operation not swung into action.

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The doctor examined her, found a faint pulse, and immediately swung into action to resuscitate the patient.

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The first battalion of boffins will swing into action this August.

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The moment the shooting was reported, they swung into action.

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The nights really begin to swing into action with regular party nights in the bar.

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Throughout the region voluntary agencies like the Red Cross are swinging into action.

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When he swings into action on the water, Kerton is one of the fastest men afloat.

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Whenever the laws of any state are broken, a duly authorized organization swings into action.

take evasive action

▪

A party of puffins had to take evasive action as they nearly flew into the side of the ship.

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He could neither move to attack nor take evasive action.

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He says they picked it up on the radar and had to take evasive action.

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If the Nations Air crew had been alerted, it might not have had to take evasive action.

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Not bad for a graduate in literature and one who normally took evasive action at the sight of a screwdriver.

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The alarm call stimulates other nearby blackbirds to take evasive action.

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The military experts taught her how to take evasive action and speed away from danger.

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When the current recession gripped, they decided to take evasive action.

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

▪

an action -adventure movie

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Bedell's financial problems do not excuse his actions.

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Ben's prompt action probably saved my life.

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It's been politics as usual - all talk and no action .

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Some senators are urging military action .

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Strong action is needed to restore law and order.

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the action of the heart

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The agency has promised action on the pollution problem for years, but nothing has happened.

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The child could not be held responsible for his actions.

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The clock's action needs to be adjusted.

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the horse's trotting action

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The rock had been worn away by the action of the falling water.

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There was only one possible course of action - he had to resign.

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When the action ended, there were terrible losses on both sides.

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You can't be blamed for the actions of your parents.

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

▪

But the betting is the central bank will take no action on interest rates at that time.

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Eventually we must try to decide whether even these theories are rich enough to govern the actions of our brains and minds.

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In bringing this action , we did what we had to do.

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It's got a repeating action .

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Jansen recounts the battle by describing the action on a pair of screens that the winner gave his daughter.

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The manager is master only of his actions, not the outcomes of those actions.

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These actions followed a Journal article in August that raised questions about the accuracy of company statements about its business affairs.

II. verb