CHALLENGE


Meaning of CHALLENGE in English

I. noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES

a challenge to sb’s authority

The leadership saw the demonstrations as a challenge to their authority.

accept a challenge

To protect the environment we must accept some difficult challenges.

challenge a claim (= say that you do not believe it is true )

Washington continued to challenge the claim that global warming is partly caused by carbon dioxide.

challenge a stereotype (= be different from the usual idea of something )

These young women want to challenge gender stereotypes.

challenge sb’s authority (= try to take the power away from someone )

There had been no-one to really challenge his authority.

challenge/dispute a notion

Copernicus challenged the notion that the sun goes around the earth.

challenged...to...duel

The officer challenged him to a duel .

credible threat/challenge/force etc

Can Thompson make a credible challenge for the party leadership?

deal with a challenge

I chose this job because I like having to deal with new challenges every day.

face a challenge

The coal industry faces serious challenges.

formidable task/challenge

the formidable task of local government reorganization

mount a campaign/challenge/search etc

Friends of the Earth are mounting a campaign to monitor the illegal logging of trees.

physically challenged

pose a challenge

The material being taught must pose a challenge to pupils.

present a challenge

I'm enjoying my new job because it presents an interesting challenge.

resist a challenge

Mr Taylor is a man who cannot resist a challenge.

tackle a job/challenge

She said she couldn’t face tackling the job on her own.

take up the challenge/gauntlet

Rick took up the challenge and cycled the 250 mile route alone.

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ ADJECTIVE

big

But convincing the authorities to license his treatment may not be his biggest challenge .

However, the biggest challenge we face today is a willingness by some in the entertainment industry to produce whatever sells.

It's a big challenge but I am sure that together we can do it.

Finding a place to put the tons of snow now sitting on already clogged urban streets is perhaps the biggest challenge .

Happiness, in a way, is the biggest challenge .

Inventing an economically efficient system for counting and cutting emissions that encompasses the public and private sectors, is the biggest challenge .

But one mile cross country is a big challenge for many of these youngsters.

C.-The smallest Raiders offensive player presents the biggest challenge to the Carolina Panthers' defense.

direct

Confronted by this direct and deliberate challenge , the United States has apologized.

Clinton rarely offers direct challenges to the people; he prefers to play the preacher and the conciliator.

Yet the symbol of feminism was perceived as a direct challenge to Catholicism and Catholic values.

A direct challenge to the orthodox test arose in two cases decided in 1987.

It had now become a direct challenge to his manhood.

Each broadcasting organization could henceforth pursue its programme policies without fear of a direct challenge to its sources of revenue.

Nor has there been any direct challenge to the chairman.

This was a direct challenge to Urban, who had not been consulted or even properly informed.

formidable

All this proved a formidable challenge to our sweeper, a delightful Rajasthani lady named Murti.

The formidable challenge for progressive bishops and theologians who dominated the Second Vatican Council was to formulate a compelling alternative.

Working out an effective strategy to control it rather than let it control us is a formidable challenge .

Chess posed a formidable challenge for computer scientists.

At their most fully developed business information systems provide a formidable challenge to the creativity of archivists and historians alike.

great

The greatest challenge is strengthening judicial systems, which in some countries have long been susceptible to bribery or political pressure.

In fact, he called fixing Muni his greatest challenge .

The great challenge in eating blind is conversation.

Trout fishing is often a great challenge , but rewarding just the same, with gorgeous colored fish and the streamside beauty.

In fact, as the great challenge of the conference drew nearer, an astonishing change seemed to come over my father.

It is a great challenge for the West.

The beauty here is beyond words but not beyond painting, and is my greatest artistic challenge to date.

A major war, which we tend to fight two or three times a century, presents a far greater fiscal challenge .

intellectual

There is, she says, little intellectual challenge , hardly any praise, not even much blame.

Lent was also the season when the Church confronted perhaps its most vexing intellectual challenge .

Problems, puzzles and policy issues Puzzles are mental tasks or games that present some intellectual challenge but are easily solved.

Judge Bork responded that it was the intellectual challenge that appealed to him.

But pleasure, and intellectual challenge , is in response to individual installations rather than to the exhibition as a whole.

They could see how much they enjoyed actually selling and missed its intellectual challenge and glamor.

There is no serious intellectual challenge to it.

It did not present the kind of intellectual challenges that had attracted me into science.

legal

It should ensure your pet lives in the lap of luxury - without risking a legal challenge .

But the people whose support Gore needs as he continues his legal challenges still seem to be on side.

BAfter all, the extension has been postponed for decades by a barrage of legal and legislative challenges .

Both Cooper and Bond said they have never had to fight such an enormous legal challenge .

The longevity of a president's laws, regulations and executive orders depends in part on the legal challenges to them.

They believe a successful legal challenge could re-open the prospect of successful buyouts.

Her legal challenge has been taken over by another prospective Citadel cadet, Nancy Mellette.

major

Producing this sort of display reliably and with low power is a major challenge for future on-board computer systems.

President Clinton will win the Democratic renomination without a major challenge .

The Torrin Estate provides a major challenge for the Trust because living communities exist alongside beautiful scenery.

Another major challenge could come next year should voters approve a statewide ballot initiative aimed at abolishing mobile-home rent control.

Discussion Patients admitted to casualty departments with acutely disturbed behaviour present a major diagnostic challenge .

Merely earning enough money to keep a family housed, fed, and clothed is a major challenge for most people.

The environment poses another major challenge to reliance on the car industry.

Yet when you become an entrepreneur, just getting paid becomes a major challenge .

new

All she knew was that she presumably represented a new challenge .

This presents our much decorated medical research with a new challenge .

The possible introduction of individual education and training vouchers for school leavers will also provide education and training with a new challenge .

This is, however, a book that speaks directly to the home cook looking for new challenges and tastes.

And, in his supreme arrogance, new challenges had to be swiftly conquered.

When the Boston Compact was renegotiated for the second time in 1994, it included a new challenge to the business community.

It would take more than pistols to counter a new challenge from the army.

Similarly, a director of a large company resigned his position after ten years, because he wanted new challenges .

physical

Many blue chip companies use team-based competitions with a series of mental and physical challenges .

Completely at ease in his body, he welcomed every physical challenge .

It's been a voyage of discovery for all the crews; a personal and physical challenge which has lasted 8 months.

A physical challenge could be involved.

I would face not only a tough physical challenge , but a mental one as well.

Is climbing primarily a mental or physical challenge ?

At Bègles we love the physical challenge of the forward battle.

real

Nevertheless, the Ibrox fixture is part of a carefully-planned World Cup build-up which provides some real challenges to Vogts's side.

Drake was the only team that offered a real challenge , and Oregon lost that game.

Over the next decade a real challenge will be the effective provision of care for children and families affected by HIV/AIDS.

At the same time, coping with the complexity of cultural rules presents a real challenge .

The real challenge will be to attract an audience and advertisers against formidable rivals.

I think it will be a real challenge ....

For example, Frankfurt could pose a real challenge to London as a financial centre for the futures markets.

The resurgence of the real poses challenges and opportunities that we are only beginning to grasp.

serious

The rising number of landless and marginal farmers poses a serious challenge .

The businessman is no longer subject to a serious challenge of any sort.

There is no serious intellectual challenge to it.

But next year's election could be a serious challenge .

The paper claims this represents a serious challenge to other Risc vendors jostling for position in the software arena.

To my mind, the most serious challenge is to minimize the cost of establishing the smallest possible profit-making power system.

There is in this a particularly serious challenge to the World Bank.

We were a shot over in the second round and I began to wonder whether he would be mounting a serious challenge .

strong

The less we have in physical prowess or other abilities, the stronger the challenge to overcome.

This historical work itself represents a strong challenge to some of the premises which underpin the idea of structured dependency.

Moving quickly to mount the strongest possible challenge for the seat long held by Sen.

Fiorello led all the way with Cazade putting up a strong challenge in the early part of the race.

But they could help splinter the anti-Dole vote and make it harder for a strong challenge to materialize.

The psychoanalytic idea of the subject as unconscious, as well as conscious, provides a stronger challenge .

Labour did best in the north, where it is the stronger challenge to the Tories.

■ NOUN

court

Tacoma's own programme had to survive a court challenge at around the same time.

Supporters and opponents agreed on one thing Wednesday: After the bill becomes law, a court challenge is certain.

After regulatory scrutiny and several court challenges , the rescue package for Executive Life was approved in August 1993.

After a court challenge , the clerk was ordered to accept the petitions.

Since then, however, court challenges have given new hope to adherents that term limits will survive.

George Deukmejian, was to have taken effect in 1988, but has been blocked by a series of court challenges .

Protests are being planned, court challenges plotted, posters plastered around in opposition.

leadership

And Bryan Gould could well survive despite his unsuccessful leadership challenge and decision to quit the shadow cabinet.

Therefore, the leadership challenge is to have no weak links.

Within the Conservative Party the Gulf crisis lent weight to the argument that a leadership challenge would be inappropriate.

That was the biggest leadership challenge of all, just as it had been at Chrysler.

Background to leadership challenge By late 1991 the Hawke government faced a number of severe difficulties.

Some Tories even forecast that Mr Major would quit voluntarily rather than face the humiliation of a Tory leadership challenge .

■ VERB

accept

Somehow they must find the courage to accept the challenge .

So he has accepted their challenge to run a marathon in 2 hours, 10 minutes, 45 seconds to qualify.

Oh yes, just like him, we're going out there to win, to accept the challenge with a will.

Mayor Willie Brown, rather than accepting the challenge , shifted the onus back on recalcitrant neighbors.

In an attempt to copy her sister Sarah's exploits she accepted a challenge which nearly got her expelled.

It required a trader to accept all challenges .

This puts theology in a much stronger position to accept the challenge posed by historians and philosophers.

The Marquis does not wish to accept the challenge from an old man but Juan insists.

face

It sounds simple, but Aprilia and Orbital faced a tough challenge getting the system to work.

If so, you face a team performance challenge .

We hate to face the challenge of ideology.

Meanwhile Chilperic himself was faced with a challenge from Merovech, his son by Audovera.

Despite his success, Gruden faces a challenge in trying to keep his championship team together.

The estate also faces a challenge from Basquiat's former bookkeeper, who claimed to have been his manager.

Dole also faces a challenge winning over the fence-sitters.

launch

Provided your employer acts reasonably, you will find it difficult to launch an effective legal challenge of his decision.

meet

It is widely accepted that City regulation is too fragmented to meet the challenges of insider-dealing and market manipulation.

Most managers in this study were acquiring the foundation to meet these challenges .

Clearly those who run the global economy consider success in that area the prerequisite to meeting all other challenges .

We have met every challenge with strength and confidence.

How then do these two books meet the challenges imposed by essentially complex legislation?

We were not able to meet the challenge .

So we have the financial security to meet our greatest challenge - developing long-term projects.

mount

It costs many hundreds of thousands to mount a challenge like this.

Above all, the Arts and Crafts movement mounted a moral challenge to the modern project.

Presidential candidate McCain is mounting a double challenge: both his message and his method are rebellions against the system.

Moving quickly to mount the strongest possible challenge for the seat long held by Sen.

We were a shot over in the second round and I began to wonder whether he would be mounting a serious challenge .

Also Tuesday, opposition leaders said they will mount a new challenge to riot police blocking protest marches.

It did not mount a sustained challenge against globally-organised capitalism, concentrated state power or even prevailing discrimination against homosexuals.

Labour's safety-first approach would be more problematical were the Tories able to mount a realistic economic challenge .

offer

By emphasizing every defect in her body, she offers a challenge to polite culture.

Drake was the only team that offered a real challenge , and Oregon lost that game.

In practice, it is only the largest of building societies which can offer a real competitive challenge .

The federal court system already offers no discretionary challenges to potential jurors, and state courts could follow suit.

The artist will seek a project which suits his or her work yet offer some challenges and opportunities.

Clinton rarely offers direct challenges to the people; he prefers to play the preacher and the conciliator.

If piranhas can rip a horse to pieces in no time, surely even a seven foot long otter offers little challenge ?

They just happen to play a game that offers challenges greater than the Olympics, rewards richer than a gold medal.

pose

This is not to say however that interviewing adults was easier, simply that it posed different challenges .

Few could gainsay that such growth poses an unprecedented challenge to mankind.

In another way too, the advance of science has posed a challenge for theology.

The region has posed an administrative challenge to local governments for years.

Unemployment, or increased leisure time, poses different challenges .

Chess posed a formidable challenge for computer scientists.

The environment poses another major challenge to reliance on the car industry.

The rising number of landless and marginal farmers poses a serious challenge .

present

NGOs appear to present challenges to the authority of government agencies.

At the same time, coping with the complexity of cultural rules presents a real challenge .

In the meantime, the number of suicide attempters referred to hospitals has continued to present an organizational challenge .

Home shopping, video on-demand, or other services present similar challenges .

Silently she brooded on her own thoughts, unwilling to admit to herself that he presented a challenge .

Eleven or twelve hours under the blankets presented no challenge at all to Uncle Charlie.

The community health movement in western countries presents a similar challenge to the medical dominance we have described.

The new century presented challenges that visionaries thought the old forms could not meet.

provide

The Torrin Estate provides a major challenge for the Trust because living communities exist alongside beautiful scenery.

Team members stay in one job for several months, but can then change to provide fresh challenges and opportunities.

Nevertheless, the Ibrox fixture is part of a carefully-planned World Cup build-up which provides some real challenges to Vogts's side.

If this trend continues, building societies are poised to provide a greater competitive challenge to the retail banking sector. 2.

Would it have provided the same challenge that running a bigger acreage will do?

Other reasons for pupils' absence can provide challenges to the school.

It follows that a flow activity is one which provides optimal challenges in relation to the actor's skills.

The psychoanalytic idea of the subject as unconscious, as well as conscious, provides a stronger challenge .

represent

The paper claims this represents a serious challenge to other Risc vendors jostling for position in the software arena.

What happened there represents a frontal challenge to how the courts, the states and the federal government administer justice.

They represent a very real challenge to the pub traditional client base.

I chose seven contrasting but popular sports, some I had played many times before, others representing new challenges .

This historical work itself represents a strong challenge to some of the premises which underpin the idea of structured dependency.

Indirectly this must have represented a challenge to the influence of Aethelred of Mercia in the East Saxon region.

Strikes, in other words, represent a challenge to managerial authority.

Involving professional services, these two sectors represent particular challenges in managing change.

respond

How should specialist services respond to this challenge ?

I responded to the challenge of combat with the tactics of avoidance and flight.

Small wonder that he seldom responds to the challenge .

But they keep responding to the challenge .

It can not respond to unfamiliar challenges or develop new opportunities.

In June, a Parliamentary committee assembled to respond to its challenge .

All over the world, natural selection had responded to the new challenge .

A truly remarkable achievement and one that demonstrates the enthusiasm with which Johnson Matthey has responded to the challenge .

rise

And Charles noted with relief how Alex was rising to the challenge .

Rather than offer pure fantasy, the fashion gurus rose to the challenge of suggesting truly flattering, appropriate and stylish options.

The academic community was slower in rising to the challenge .

Of course, many princes rose to the challenge , but each lost his life in the quest.

Who will rise to the challenge ?

The flood was a second major story, and the staff rose to meet the challenge .

None the less, as a recent television documentary showed, women still rise to this challenge .

Whenever she could, she played with her brothers and rose to their challenges .

take

Obviously, you the supporters already accept that I must take the greater challenge when it comes.

Johnson gleefully took up the challenge .

He has taken up the challenge to lead.

Matsch will take up other defense challenges to prosecution witnesses next week.

Ability Franchisees come from all sorts of backgrounds, with women increasingly taking up the challenge .

How seriously did the Conservative Party take the Labour challenge ?

The couple who took up the challenge have no grandchildren of their own.

Please contact the Office immediately if you would like to take on the challenge of this demanding task.

throw

And a man to whom she had just thrown down a deliberate challenge .

A trial judge sided with Burroughs, however, and threw out the patent challenges before they ever reached a jury.

Waldegrave threw out the challenge to the physics community last week at the annual conference of the Institute of Physics in Brighton.

At her readers, she throws the challenge of accepting that any friendship could survive those calamities.

Now I am going to throw out a challenge .

Competitors may throw out a challenge by improving the product and offering a better distribution service, for example.

Despite their pitifully limited numbers they threw down an inspiring challenge to the might of the autocratic regime.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

meet a problem/challenge

Are both boys and girls shown developing independent lives, independently meeting challenges, and finding their own solutions?

Capable of successfully and creatively meeting challenges. salary / benefits: Excellent salary and benefits package.

Ideally, pre-marital counselling, supplemented before parenthood, would meet problems before they could arise.

These patterns evolve over time, as an organization attempts to meet challenge after challenge in the best way it knows how.

rise to the occasion/challenge

Barragan rose to the occasion and defeated his opponent.

Naylor was one of those men who rise to the challenge of danger.

The team rose to the challenge and fought back to produce another goal.

We are calling on all our employees to rise to the occasion and become more efficient and productive.

And Charles noted with relief how Alex was rising to the challenge.

Bench strength could be suspect, but it has risen to the occasion the past two playoff runs.

Of course, many princes rose to the challenge, but each lost his life in the quest.

Rather than offer pure fantasy, the fashion gurus rose to the challenge of suggesting truly flattering, appropriate and stylish options.

Sunderland again rose to the occasion against better opposition and just about deserved to get the points to ease their relegation worries considerably.

The academic community was slower in rising to the challenge.

Which means that even the most delicate of dishes will rise to the occasion.

Who will rise to the challenge?

visually/physically/mentally etc challenged

And everywhere, blind and physically challenged skiers are testing themselves on the snow.

So there are these three visually challenged yuppies at the zoo, checking out their first elephant.

The organisation as a whole became sensitised to the many debates which faced women artists who were physically challenged .

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

Each lawyer may issue up to six challenges.

Holyfield accepted Lewis' challenge to fight for the title.

I like the challenge of learning new things.

In grade school, Clint was a real challenge to all of his teachers.

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

Deceptively strong, he can surprise opponents by riding heavy challenges.

Her legal challenge has been taken over by another prospective Citadel cadet, Nancy Mellette.

His biggest challenge with this unit will be motivation.

How to preserve that involvement in an egalitarian context is one of the great challenges of modern society.

It was an interesting challenge and I responded with alacrity.

Our city challenge and other inner-city initiatives were enthusiastically received by local authorities and the private sector - particularly in the north-east.

Overcoming a natural resistance to change is a challenge faced by many companies that want to progress.

This chapter has concentrated on the challenges of bureau work.

II. verb

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ NOUN

assumption

We rarely sit down to challenge some assumption we have always used.

They ended by challenging many of the assumptions of scientific management and establishing that work had both social and psychological dimensions.

Transnationalism and interdependence challenge the three assumptions of Realism noted by Vasquez.

In doing so, they challenge the assumptions of the modern worldview as never be-fore.

No-one challenged the assumptions which ran throughout the lecture.

The furore among providers about current government-funding policies which challenge the latter assumption suggests that this is a real danger.

Another move might have involved challenging some assumption in the protective belt such as those concerning refraction in the earth's atmosphere.

Moreover, the findings challenge conventional assumptions about the amounts of time the different subjects should be allocated.

authority

He thus challenged authority simply by declaring that he was al-haqq, truth incarnate.

Then there are the risks of challenging this in authority .

Anyone who challenges my authority will have to stand up to this divine power when I come to Corinth.

It challenges their authority and specialisms and notions of objectivity.

There were no fractious sects and gangsters to challenge his authority .

claim

Don't be afraid occasionally to challenge claims for taxi fares and expensive meals.

Washington continues to challenge the scientific claim that global warming is in part caused by emissions of carbon dioxide.

The Pembrokeshire Shell Fishermen's Association challenge the claim , and warn that any such ban will threaten the livelihoods of locals.

None challenged the claim that his marriage was a sham.

decision

So they went to the High Court to challenge the decision and have been given leave to seek a judicial review.

Coaches would not challenge trivial decisions .

The representatives of several cities and states immediately announced their intention to challenge Mosbacher's decision in court.

Allstate has said regardless of whether the settlement is challenged , its decision to turn agents into independent contractors will remain intact.

Several unsuccessful companies announced that they were considering challenging the commission's decisions in court.

The local presbytery agreed, but 10 area churches challenged the decision .

Attempts by parents to challenge case conference decisions through the courts have not met with much success.

government

Several rival revolutionary armies were challenging the central government and each other.

After two years of challenging the power of governments , the movement has become a power in its own right.

Sanctions have decimated the middle class-usually the source of leaders who might challenge the government .

Growing forces of opposition are challenging this government .

idea

Those who saw rural values being challenged by modern urban ideas found another cause to support in 1925.

People who are engaged in groundbreaking collaborations have high regard for people who challenge and test their ideas .

law

Some of the no-show gun owners were making a protest, and at least one provincial government has challenged the law .

The court must first decide whether the banks have the right to challenge the credit union law .

First, the Supreme Court must rule on whether the banks have legal standing to challenge the law .

Six states have challenged the law in federal court.

The Schempp children, who were Unitarians, challenged the law .

leadership

It is challenging for the same leadership in applications software.

Heseltine declares that he can not foresee the circumstances in which he would challenge her for the leadership .

In adopting this crusade, the press barons were also directly challenging Baldwin's leadership of the Government and of the party.

notion

From time to time evidence appears which challenges received notions of the truth.

Advanced computers are even beginning to challenge long-held notions about intelligence and thought.

This finding challenges the notion that carbohydrate malabsorption is uncommon in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Beyond these formal structures, the folks at Thayer challenge yet one more notion that often shapes the structures of schooling.

Anti-debt campaigners in the South are urging their counterparts in the North to challenge the official notion of poverty reduction.

But lately some researchers are challenging the notion that memory loss is inevitable.

Here he challenges the notion that practice is activity and not thought.

Some challenge the notion of corporate culture as the primary culprit.

power

A cornettist equally capable of filigree delicacy and challenging power , Barnard's contribution to jazz is considerable.

The council was established by the Legislature to challenge the power of the federal government.

They also enabled women to challenge male professional power while at the same time implicating them in coercive class regulation.

We must strengthen the rights of consumers and challenge the power of monopolies and big business.

After two years of challenging the power of governments, the movement has become a power in its own right.

The feminist repeal movement was highly successful in challenging the gendered power relations inscribed within medical interventionism.

rule

Verney said the party is ready to challenge that rule in court.

But many railroads have challenged these rules in the past.

view

Yet much of the research of the last fifteen years in writing has challenged this view .

Mars' book challenges this view , and we will include two extracts from it.

Models of interdependence focus on interstate relations but challenge the realist view of states as independent actors.

This criticism challenges the view of human nature and the human condition constructed by liberal theories.

However, no one has seriously challenged the view that attempted suicide should be regarded as an inappropriate way of coping with problems.

It can be exciting to challenge people's view of me.

He challenges the orthodox view that elderly people turn to formal agencies for help only when informal support is absent or inadequate.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

visually/physically/mentally etc challenged

And everywhere, blind and physically challenged skiers are testing themselves on the snow.

So there are these three visually challenged yuppies at the zoo, checking out their first elephant.

The organisation as a whole became sensitised to the many debates which faced women artists who were physically challenged .

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

Billboard companies say they will challenge the new law in court.

Guards were ordered to challenge anyone entering the building.

He's a good choir director - he really challenges us.

Many doctors have challenged the accuracy of his findings.

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

I challenge this assumption, and question the push into Putumayo.

Owner Fred Davies is challenging the council after being refused permission to convert the ailing hotel into a nursing home.

That claim has been challenged and much debated, but it seems to hold up.

The beatitudes are counter-cultural, because they correct and challenge the ways in which we understand happiness.

We were challenging all the traditional methods of testing for poisons.

Longman DOCE5 Extras English vocabulary.      Дополнительный английский словарь Longman DOCE5.