GROUND


Meaning of GROUND in English

I. ˈgrau̇nd noun

Usage: often attributive

Etymology: Middle English, from Old English grund; akin to Old High German grunt ground

Date: before 12th century

1.

a. : the bottom of a body of water

b. plural

(1) : sediment 1

(2) : ground coffee beans after brewing

2.

a. : a basis for belief, action, or argument

ground for complaint

— often used in plural

sufficient ground s for divorce

b.

(1) : a fundamental logical condition

(2) : a basic metaphysical cause

3.

a. : a surrounding area : background

b. : material that serves as a substratum

4.

a. : the surface of the earth

b. : an area used for a particular purpose

the parade ground

fishing ground s

c. plural : the area around and belonging to a house or other building

d. : an area to be won or defended in or as if in battle

e. : an area of knowledge or special interest

covered a lot of ground in his lecture

5.

a. : soil , earth

b. : a special soil

6.

a. : an object that makes an electrical connection with the earth

b. : a large conducting body (as the earth) used as a common return for an electric circuit and as an arbitrary zero of potential

c. : electric connection with a ground

7. : a football offense utilizing primarily running plays

- from the ground up

- into the ground

- off the ground

- on the ground

- to ground

II. verb

Date: 13th century

transitive verb

1.

a. : to bring to or place on the ground

b. : to cause to run aground

2.

a. : to provide a reason or justification for

our fears about technological change may be well ground ed — L. K. Williams

b. : to furnish with a foundation of knowledge : base

an understanding…that is ground ed in fact — Michael Kimmelman

3. : to connect electrically with a ground

4.

a. : to restrict to the ground

ground a pilot

b. : to prohibit from taking part in some usual activities

ground ed her for a week

5. : to throw (a football) intentionally to the ground to avoid being tackled for a loss

intransitive verb

1. : to have a ground or basis : rely

2. : to run aground

3. : to hit a grounder

ground ed back to the pitcher

III.

past and past participle of grind

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate English vocabulary.      Энциклопедический словарь английского языка Merriam Webster.