FOUL


Meaning of FOUL in English

adj., n., adv., & v.

--adj.

1. offensive to the senses; loathsome, stinking.

2 dirty, soiled, filthy.

3 colloq. revolting, disgusting.

4 a containing or charged with noxious matter (foul air). b clogged, choked.

5 morally polluted; disgustingly abusive or offensive (foul language; foul deeds).

6 unfair; against the rules of a game etc. (by fair means or foul).

7 (of the weather) wet, rough, stormy.

8 (of a rope etc.) entangled.

9 (of a ship's bottom) overgrown with weeds, barnacles, etc.

--n.

1. Sport an unfair or invalid stroke or piece of play.

2 a collision or entanglement, esp. in riding, rowing, or running.

3 a foul thing.

--adv. unfairly; contrary to the rules.

--v.

1. tr. & intr. make or become foul or dirty.

2 tr. (of an animal) make dirty with excrement.

3 a tr. Sport commit a foul against (a player). b intr. commit a foul.

4 a tr. (often foll. by up) cause (an anchor, cable, etc.) to become entangled or muddled. b intr. become entangled.

5 tr. jam or block (a crossing, railway line, or traffic).

6 tr. (usu. foll. by up) colloq. spoil or bungle.

7 tr. run foul of; collide with.

8 tr. pollute with guilt; dishonour.

Phrases and idioms:

foul brood a fatal disease of larval bees caused by bacteria. foul mouth a person who uses foul language. foul play

1. unfair play in games.

2 treacherous or violent activity, esp. murder. foul-up a muddled or bungled situation.

Derivatives:

foully adv. foulness n.

Etymology: OE ful f. Gmc

Oxford English vocab.      Оксфордский английский словарь.