Machine used in materials science to determine the properties of a material.
Machines have been devised to measure tensile strength, strength in compression, shear, and bending (see strength of materials ), ductility , hardness , impact strength (see impact test ), fracture toughness, creep , and fatigue . Standardization of machines and tests is the province of the International Organization for Standardization, American National Standards Institute, British Standards Institution, and many governmental bodies. Many industries have special-purpose testing machines for the materials they use.