BEETS, NICOLAAS

born Sept. 13, 1814, Haarlem, Neth. died March 13, 1903, Utrecht Dutch pastor and writer whose Camera obscura is a classic of Dutch literature. As a student at Leiden, Beets was influenced by reading Byron and was one of the first to write Romantic poetry. His poems-Jos (1834), Kuser (1835), and Guy de Vlaming (1837)-played a part in the controversy between the Classicists and the Romantics. While still at Leiden, he also wrote the sketches, tales, and essays collected as Camera obscura (edited under the pseudonym Hildebrand, 1839; 4th definitive ed. 1854). These works continued the Dutch tradition of presenting domestic scenes realistically but combined with it the whimsical humour he had learned from reading the English authors Laurence Sterne, Charles Lamb, and Charles Dickens. Beets was ordained in 1839 and held pastorates at Heemstede (1840-53) and Utrecht (1854-74). He was professor at the State University of Utrecht from 1874 to 1884. During his successful career in the church, he produced a great quantity of commonplace prose and verse.