BONNER, EDMUND

born c. 1500 died Sept. 5, 1569, London, Eng. Bonner also spelled Boner bishop of London who supported Henry VIII's antipapal measures but rejected the imposition of Protestant doctrine and worship during the reigns of Edward VI and Elizabeth I. For centuries Bonner, on the basis of evidence from his contemporary, the Protestant martyrologist John Foxe, was characterized as a monster who enjoyed burning Protestants at the stake during the reign of the Roman Catholic Mary I. Bonner became an outstanding Oxford lawyer, and from 1532 to 1543 he served Henry VIII on various foreign embassies, including several to Pope Clement VII to plead for an annulment of Henry's marriage to Catherine of Aragon. Having supported Henry when the king took control of the English church, Bonner was made bishop of London in 1540. But upon the accession of Edward VI, Bonner, with Stephen Gardiner, felt he could no longer accept royal supremacy in religious matters. As a result he was deprived of his London bishopric and imprisoned from 1549 to 1553. Restored to his see on Aug. 5, 1553, after the accession of Mary Tudor, he was rebuked by Mary's government for his reluctance to intensify the prosecution of Protestants in London, but subsequently he became actively involved. At the beginning of Elizabeth's reign he was again deprived of his bishopric because he refused to acknowledge her supremacy over the English church, and he spent the last 10 years of his life in the Marshalsea Prison in London.