JUDSON, E.Z.C.

born March 20, 1823, Stamford, N.Y., U.S. died July 16, 1886, Stamford in full Edward Zane Carroll Judson, pseudonym Ned Buntline American adventurer and writer, an originator of the so-called dime novels that were popular during the late 19th century. Judson's earlier stories were based on the exploits of his own picaresque career, which began as a cabin boy in the U.S. Navy. He rose to the rating of midshipman but in 1844 left the Navy, reputedly to serve in the Seminole War and travel in the West. He contributed stories to the Knickerbocker Magazine and in 1844 established the short-lived Ned Buntline's Magazine in Cincinnati, Ohio. After capturing two fugitives wanted for murder in Kentucky, he went to Nashville, Tenn., and founded a sensational newspaper, Ned Buntline's Own. He transferred its operations to New York City after a narrow escape from a lynching while being arraigned for the killing of his supposed mistress's husband. In 1849 he led the American actor Edwin Forrest's adherents in the Astor Place riot in New York City and was imprisoned for a year. He became an important organizer of the Know-Nothing Party. Judson joined the Union Army during the Civil War but was dishonourably discharged in 1864 for drunkenness. He later met William F. Cody, whom he styled Buffalo Bill and portrayed as the hero of a number of his dime novels. He also wrote a play for Cody, The Scouts of the Plains (1872), patterned on his life. In 1871 Judson retired to Stamford, N.Y., where he continued to produce his profitable fiction. He also became a hymn writer and lecturer for the temperance movement. His hundreds of dime novels and serials were sensational stories of swashbuckling heroes and violence and had such titles as The Mysteries and Miseries of New York (1848); Ned Buntline's Life Yarn (1848); Stella Delorme, or The Comanche's Dream (1860); Red Ralph: The Ranger (1870); and Buffalo Bill's First Trial; or Will Cody, the Pony Express Rider (1888).