TOKYO NATIONAL MUSEUM

Japanese Tokyo Kokuritsu Hakubutsukan, the first and foremost art museum in Japan, located in Ueno Park, Tokyo. The original collection, formed in 1871 and initially housed in temporary residences, was a mixture of artistic, historical, scientific, technological, and natural-history exhibits composed mostly of Japanese objects displayed at international expositions, as in Paris (1867, 1878) and Vienna (1873). In 1882 the collection was moved to its present site in Ueno Park, and in 1886 the museum was transferred to the supervision of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and began assuming its present role as a showcase for Japan's artistic heritage, divesting itself of its scientific and industrial divisions. From 1889 to 1900 it was called the Tokyo Imperial Museum, from 1900 to 1947 the Tokyo Imperial Household Museum, and from 1947 to 1950 the National Museum. From 1947 it was under the control of the Ministry of Education. Of the original complex of buildings, only the gallery known as the Hyokeikan survived the earthquake of 1923; a Modernist-style building with Oriental elements, built in 1938, became the nucleus of a complex of buildings erected after World War II. The museum houses a great variety of Japanese art, including painting, sculpture, calligraphy, architectural models, metalware, swords, pottery, lacquerware, dyeing and weaving, protohistorical objects, prehistorical objects, ethnographic material, historical materials, Oriental archaeology, and Oriental art.