LAY


Meaning of LAY in English

~ 1

■ verb ( past and past participle laid )

1》 put down, especially gently or carefully.

2》 put down and set in position for use.

↘ Brit. set cutlery on (a table) in preparation for a meal.

↘put the material for (a fire) in place.

↘prepare (a trap).

↘( ~ something before ) present material for consideration and action to (someone).

3》 (with an abstract noun) put or place: ~ the blame.

4》 (of a female bird, reptile, etc.) produce (an egg) from inside the body.

5》 stake (an amount of money) in a wager.

6》 cause (a ghost) to stop appearing; exorcize.

7》 vulgar slang have sexual intercourse with.

8》 trim (a hedge) by cutting the branches half through, bending them down, and interweaving them.

9》 Nautical follow (a specified course).

■ noun

1》 the general appearance of an area of land.

↘the position or direction in which something lies: roll the carpet against the ~ of the nap.

2》 vulgar slang a sexual partner or act of sexual intercourse.

3》 the ~ing of eggs or the period during which they are laid.

Phrases

~ claim to assert one's right to or possession of.

~ hands on find and take possession of or acquire.

~ hold of (or on ) catch at or gain possession of.

~ someone low reduce someone to inactivity, illness, or a lowly position.

~ something on thick (or with a trowel ) informal grossly exaggerate or overemphasize something.

~ someone open to expose someone to the risk of.

~ someone/thing to rest

1》 bury a body in a grave.

2》 soothe and dispel fear, anxiety, etc.

Phrasal verbs

~ about Brit. beat or attack violently.

↘( ~ about one ) strike out wildly on all sides.

~ something down

1》 formulate and enact a rule or principle.

2》 begin to construct a ship or railway.

3》 build up a deposit of a substance.

4》 store wine in a cellar.

5》 pay or bet money.

6》 informal record a piece of music.

~ something in/up build up a stock of something in case of need.

~ into informal attack violently.

~ off informal give up.

~ someone off discharge a worker temporarily or permanently because of a shortage of work.

~ something off

1》 chiefly Soccer pass the ball to a teammate.

2》 (of a bookmaker) insure against a loss resulting from a large bet by placing a similar bet with another bookmaker.

~ something on Brit. provide a service or amenity.

~ someone out

1》 prepare someone for burial after death.

2》 informal knock someone unconscious.

~ something out

1》 spread something out to its full extent.

2》 construct or arrange buildings or gardens according to a plan.

↘arrange and present material for printing and publication.

3》 informal spend a sum of money.

~ someone up put someone out of action through illness or injury.

~ something up

1》 see ~ something in.

2》 take a ship or other vehicle out of service.

Origin

OE lecgan , of Gmc origin; related to lie 1 .

Usage

The words ~ and lie are often used incorrectly. Lay means, broadly, ‘put something down’, as in they are going to ~ the carpet , whereas lie means ‘be in a horizontal position to rest’, as in why don't you lie down? The past tense and the past participle of ~ is laid ( they laid the carpet ); the past tense of lie is ~ ( he ~ on the floor ) and the past participle is lain ( she had lain awake for hours ).

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~ 2

■ adjective

1》 not ordained into or belonging to the clergy.

2》 not having professional qualifications or expert knowledge.

Origin

ME: from OFr. lai , via late L. from Gk laïkos , from laos 'people'.

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~ 3

■ noun

1》 a short lyric or narrative poem meant to be sung.

2》 literary a song.

Origin

ME: from OFr. lai , corresp. to Provençal lais , of unknown origin.

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~ 4

past of lie 1 .

Concise Oxford English vocab.      Сжатый оксфордский словарь английского языка.