REFERENCE CIRCUIT

A hypothetical circuit of specified equivalent length and configuration , and having a defined transmission characteristic or characteristics, used primarily as a reference for measuring the performance of other, i.e., real, circuits or as a guide for planning and engineering of circuits and networks. ( 188 ) Note: Normally, several types of reference circuits are defined, with different configurations, because communications are required over a wide range of distances. A group of related reference circuits is also called a reference system .