ACTION THEORY

There is a logical difference in principle between what you do intentionally (an action) and what chances to happen. Cause and effect explanations apply to what happens, not to actions. You cannot define actions in terms of happenings or their relations. Logically (but not in fact) determinism does not apply to actions. When you choose, decide, or act, you do it because of reasons not causes. We violate moral language when we use deterministic causes to explain our choices. While the Libertarian argues from observation that there are uncaused acts, action theory argues a priori that acts are in principle uncaused.