TRUTH


Meaning of TRUTH in English

ˈtrüth noun

( plural truths -üthz also -üths)

Etymology: Middle English trewthe, treuthe, from Old English trēowth, trīewth; akin to Old High German ge triuwida fidelity, Old Norse tryggth faith, trustiness; derivative from the root of English true (I)

1.

a. archaic : the quality or state of being faithful : fidelity , constancy

whispering tongues can poison truth — S.T.Coleridge

b. : sincerity in character, action, and speech : genuineness in expressing feeling or belief : truthfulness , honesty

gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them — J.H.Newman

the absolute truth of his speech, and the rectitude of his behavior — R.W.Emerson

2. : something that is true or held to be true: as

a.

(1) : the real state of affairs : something that is the case : fact

the hard truth was that few of America's allies believed that the … islands were worth fighting for — Newsweek

the present definition of insanity has little relation to the truths of mental life — B.N.Cardozo

(2) : the body of things, events, and facts that make up the universe : actual existence : actuality

the facets of reality … together comprising what the human spirit can call truth — General Education in a Free Society

(3) often capitalized : a fundamental or spiritual reality conceived of as being partly or wholly transcendent of perceived actuality and experience

modern man … was capable of the relative and changing truths of science, incapable and afraid of any supratemporal truth reached by Reason's metaphysical effort or of the divine — Jacques Maritain

got only the facts and not the truth — W.A.White

(4) : the world of a particular person or in a particular manner

a psychotic's truth is what “I” make it — Weston La Barre

the truth of speculative inquiry had been replaced by the truth of empirical investigation — R.M.Weaver

b.

(1) : a true relation or account

to say truth , it can only be regarded as a kind of literary curiosity — Daniel George

truth is stranger than fiction

(2) : a judgment, proposition, statement, or idea that accords with fact or reality, is logically or intuitively necessary, or follows by sound reasoning from established or necessary truths

two plus two equals four … that is a truth anywhere — W.J.Reilly

there are truths which cannot be verified, yet we cannot help accepting them as true — Rubin Gotesky

specifically : a proposition or statement taken as an axiom, postulate, or principle in a field of study or inquiry

questioned the basic truths of thermodynamics

(3) : truism , platitude

a truth we are in danger of forgetting — Marie Hildegarde

(4) : a notion having wide and uncritical acceptance among a group or in a field and liable to be proved false

worshipped their flimsy hypotheses into truths — Weston La Barre

c. : the body of true statements and propositions ; also : the body of statements and propositions accepted, studied, or proved in a field

seems to suggest that these are different and unrelated truths — theological truth, psychotherapeutic truth, political truth — R.L.Howe

every way of abstracting produces its own kind of truth — S.I.Hayakawa

3.

a. : relationship, conformity, or agreement with fact or reality or among true facts or propositions : the property in a conception, judgment, statement, proposition, belief, or opinion of being in accord with what is in fact or in necessity

truth (or falsity) is a property of declarative sentences — Philip Hallie

the test for truth is objective and is not concerned with ministering to subjective feelings, needs, or desires — Jim Cork

— see coherence theory , correspondence theory , empirical truth , formal truth , metaphysical truth , normative truth , pragmatism , semantic conception

b. chiefly Britain : true 2

these squares must be tested for truth — Laurence Town

her propeller shaft was a trifle out of truth — C.S.Forester

c.

(1) : fidelity to an original or a possible original

an ignorant, uneducated man may be a competent judge of the truth of the representation of a sandal — Joshua Reynolds

ability to build up the truth of his characters through spare, pungent dialogue — Arthur Knight

(2) : the conformity of a work of art to the essential significance of the subject, to the artist's conception or intent, or to some standard : the coherence of form and content in an apparently necessary whole

what the imagination seizes as Beauty must be Truth — whether it existed before or not — John Keats

a sturdy example of functional truth in architecture — American Guide Series: Vermont

4.

a. often capitalized : abstract truth personified as a goddess

b. capitalized , Christian Science : god

Synonyms:

veracity , verity , verisimilitude : truth is a general term ranging in meaning from a transcendent idea to an indication of conformity with fact and of avoidance of error, misrepresentation, or falsehood

the truths of religion are more like the truths of poetry than like the truths of science; that is, they are vision and insight, apprehended by the whole man, and not merely by the analysing mind — Times Literary Supplement

truth as the opposite of error and of falsehood — C.W.Eliot

veracity commonly indicates rigid and unfailing adherence to, observance of, or respect for truth

question an opponent's veracity

his passion for veracity always kept him from taking any unfair rhetorical advantages of an opponent — Aldous Huxley

I cannot, indeed, guarantee the absolute veracity of any of my apparently authentic law reports — J.R.Sutherland

verity usually designates the quality of a state or thing in being true or entirely in accordance with factual reality or with what should be so regarded; sometimes the word designates that which is marked by lasting, ultimate, transcendent value

most primitive and national religions have also started out, naturally enough, with the assumption of their own verity and importance — A.L.Kroeber

the old verities and truths of the heart, the old universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed — love and honor and pity and pride and compassion and sacrifice — William Faulkner

verisimilitude usually indicates the quality of a representation that causes one to accept it as true

to convey human nature in fiction requires the highest degree of verisimilitude: events that seem just like those of life as the reader's experience has led him to conceive of life must happen to people who seem just like human beings in a succession which seems just like the course of human affairs — E.K.Brown

- in truth

Webster's New International English Dictionary.      Новый международный словарь английского языка Webster.