born Oct. 5, 1899, Moulins, France
died Jan. 27, 1983, Cambo-les-Bains, near Bayonne
French statesman and Resistance leader in World War II. After being imprisoned in Germany (1940), he returned to France (1941) and worked with the National Council of Resistance, which he headed in 1943.
He helped found the Popular Republican Movement (1944) and supported Charles de Gaulle 's wartime government. After the war he briefly served twice as prime minister and three times as minister of foreign affairs. In 1958 he broke with de Gaulle and opposed Algerian independence. He advocated terrorism to prevent independence, went underground, and was forced into exile (1962–68).