GRANDIN, TEMPLE

born Aug. 29, 1947, Boston, Mass., U.S. American scientist and industrial designer whose own experience with autism funded her professional work in creating systems to counter stress in certain human and animal populations. Grandin was unable to talk at age three and exhibited many behavioral problems; she was diagnosed as autistic. Her parents, rejecting a doctor's advice to place her in an institution, instead sent their daughter to a series of private schools where her high IQ was nurtured. A 1970 graduate of Franklin Pierce College in New Hampshire, where she majored in experimental psychology, she went on to earn a master's degree at Arizona State University in Tempe and a doctorate at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, both in animal science. Since 1990 she has taught that subject at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, where she also runs Grandin Livestock Systems. Diagram of Temple Grandin's conveyor system for humane animal processing. Among Grandin's 1/4 Aware that intense fear, born of a hypersensitivity to sound and touch, is common both to autistic people and to animals, Grandin has devoted her life to devising systems to alleviate the anxiety of both groups. While still in high school she designed a "squeeze machine" to relieve her own nervous tension, modeling it on a chute fashioned to hold animals in place during branding and other procedures. Improved versions of her machine are widely used not only in schools for autistic children but also by autistic adults. The main focus of Grandin's career has been the design of humane livestock facilities that eliminate pain and fear from the slaughtering process. Her designs enable workers to move animals without frightening them. Grandin is the author, coauthor, or editor of several books, including Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals (1999), Thinking in Pictures and Other Reports from My Life with Autism (1995), and Emergence: Labeled Autistic (1986).