HARD


Meaning of HARD in English

■ adjective

1》 solid, firm, and rigid; not easily broken, bent, or pierced.

↘(of a person) not showing any signs of weakness; tough.

2》 requiring or demonstrating a great deal of endurance or effort; difficult.

↘strict and demanding: a ~ taskmaster.

↘denoting an extreme or dogmatic faction within a political party: the ~ left.

3》 (of information or a subject of study) concerned with precise and verifiable facts: ~ science.

4》 harsh or unpleasant to the senses.

↘(of a season or the weather) severe.

5》 done with a great deal of force or strength: a ~ whack.

6》 strongly alcoholic; denoting a spirit rather than beer or wine.

↘(of a drug) potent and addictive.

7》 (of water) containing mineral salts.

8》 (of pornography) highly obscene and explicit.

9》 (of prices of shares, commodities, etc.) high and stable; firm.

10》 (of radiation) highly penetrating.

11》 (of a consonant) pronounced as a velar plosive (as c in cat , g in go ).

■ adverb

1》 with a great deal of effort.

↘with a great deal of force; violently.

2》 so as to be solid or firm.

3》 to the fullest extent possible: put the wheel ~ over to starboard.

■ noun Brit. a road leading down across a foreshore.

Phrases

be ~ put ( to it ) find it very difficult.

go ~ with dated turn out to (someone's) disadvantage.

~ and fast [usu. with negative ] (of a rule or distinction) fixed and definitive.

~ at it informal busily working.

~ by close to.

~ cheese Brit. informal, dated used to express sympathy over a petty matter.

~ done by Brit. harshly or unfairly treated.

~ feelings [usu. with negative ] feelings of resentment.

~ going difficult to understand or enjoy.

~ luck (or lines ) Brit. informal used to express sympathy or commiserations.

~ of hearing not able to hear well.

~ on (or upon ) close to; following soon after.

the ~ stuff informal strong alcoholic drink.

~ up informal short of money.

play ~ to get informal deliberately adopt an aloof or uninterested attitude.

put the ~ word on Austral./NZ informal ask a favour of.

Derivatives

~ish adjective

~ness noun

Origin

OE ~ , heard , of Gmc origin.

Concise Oxford English vocab.      Сжатый оксфордский словарь английского языка.