I. noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a budget surplus (= when a government has more money than it spends )
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A huge budget surplus of over £16 billion was recorded.
a trade surplus (= the amount by which the total goods one country sells to others is more than the amount it buys from them )
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Scotch whisky is a major contributor to the UK trade balance, with a large trade surplus.
be surplus to requirements British English (= be more than is needed )
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The old school building is now surplus to requirements.
trade surplus
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
agricultural
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There were fewer famines and a greater agricultural surplus which allowed people to live longer and increase their fecundity.
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Any agricultural surplus would have been required to support the development of urban centres which in turn encouraged craft specialisation.
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This will reduce the agricultural surplus compared to if consumption levels had not risen.
huge
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By 1942, however, we possessed something no other country did: a huge surplus of hydroelectric power.
large
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The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.
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The initial costs of the latter are generally held to be underwritten by the large surplus generated by any big hit record.
small
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The shells power all the Exchange's plant, and also provides a small surplus that is fed into the local grid.
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After 2020, he asserted, the budget will run a small surplus through 2050 and beyond.
■ NOUN
budget
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The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt.
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Bush spent the campaign pretending that this was an election about the budget surplus , or social security or the military.
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A budget surplus of EC$12,300,000 was predicted on the current account.
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The result has been a burgeoning budget surplus .
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The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.
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Interest rates can be cut and Bill Clinton's budget surplus spent.
cash
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This would be on a charitable basis and any cash surplus would be made available to fund research projects.
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The project which shows the greatest cash surplus is the one preferred.
consumer
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There would be no benefit in terms of increased consumer surplus .
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In theory this process could go as far as equating marginal cost with demand so that the bureaucracy obtains all the consumer surplus .
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The monopolist is normally considered to exploit consumers by charging a high price and thereby destroying some consumer surplus .
fund
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The latest result was boosted by a £4m pension fund surplus .
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Pre-tax profits were down 94.2% at £5.2m, after £90m gains from the distribution of a pension fund surplus last time.
trade
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It will try to do so by explaining the nature and future of the country's trade surplus .
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Such distortions lead to a persistent trade surplus and a persistently rising yen.
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The trade surplus is more than $ 65 billion.
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In fact, our trade surplus in Scotch is three times greater than our trade surplus in oil.
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A trade surplus means more products are being exported than imported.
■ VERB
run
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The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.
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Yet for the third month running , that surplus fell in November, meaning pressure on that front is easing.
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After 2020, he asserted, the budget will run a small surplus through 2050 and beyond.
show
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Overall the budget showed a financial surplus - the first since 1978 - of NZ$89 million.
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Figures released yesterday show a surplus of £2.1 million last year, after the £601,000 surplus in 1991.
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The project which shows the greatest cash surplus is the one preferred.
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The table shows a surplus provided by local authorities to allow for contingencies such as salary and wage increases.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
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a budget surplus
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For the first time in 20 years Congress was working with a budget surplus .
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Government subsidies have resulted in huge grain surpluses.
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Our surplus on book publishing last year was $47 million.
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The budget surplus could be used to hire and train more border guards.
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The Gulf States produce more oil than they need and sell the surplus to the rest of the world.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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Plant closings, department mergers, and restricted budgets often provide an organization with a temporary surplus of cash and other resources.
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The surplus will go towards replacing their club van that was used to transport boxers to events and beach training at Redcar.
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The December surplus was the first monthly trade gain in 1995, the ministry said in a preliminary report.
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The existence of monopoly denies them that opportunity, and this is manifest in the inevitable reduction in total surplus .
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This surplus will cause a competitive bidding down of price by sellers eager to relieve themselves of their surplus.
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Today there is a worrisome surplus of 1 million empty apartments in the East, particularly in the cities.
II. adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
cash
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Financing decisions Fixed asset investment can be funded from several sources: equity, surplus cash , loans or leasing.
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It would suit them better to use their surplus cash to aid starving children in other countries.
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Gradually coffee came to replace maize as the main agricultural produce of the community and foodstuffs were bought with surplus cash .
energy
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And if we overate on any one of them then any surplus energy would end up by making us fat.
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At the time I attributed this discomfort to my surplus energy , and not to my thinness.
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Every atom seeks equilibrium at the lowest energy level, giving off surplus energy as radiation.
fat
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A word about your weight loss From the day you start F-Plan dieting you will start shedding surplus fat .
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So during a week you would be likely to shed one pound of surplus fat .
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Strain off the surplus fat and swill out the pan with the wine and stock.
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This is the only way in which it can be forced to feed on its own surplus fat .
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At one time I would have suggested that everyone would shed surplus fat on a ration of 1,500 calories daily.
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There wasn't an ounce of surplus fat on his body, so it must go somewhere.
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The more heavily overweight people are, the more swiftly they can shed surplus fat on a slimming diet.
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The vital calorie factor By including sufficient high-fibre foods in your diet you will actually help your body to shed surplus fat .
food
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Or had she bought this, and all the surplus food , when there had been money in the joint account?
funds
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If the business is a goer, the entrepreneur moves on to the full Enterprise Allowance system and gets back any surplus funds .
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When the crisis is over, any surplus funds will be donated to the Gulf Trust.
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Essentially those institutions with surplus funds lend to those with insufficient funds to meet their requirements.
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Prudential alone has surplus funds of an estimated £8 billion.
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After the principal had been repaid, through the balance sheet, surplus funds would be recorded as increases in capital.
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And unlike in the past, fewer agencies are now earning investment income from surplus funds .
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They take in surplus funds from other institutions and use the funds to deal in treasury and commercial bills.
labour
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The existence of surplus labour is not con fined to capitalism.
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The simple proposition behind all agrarian reform was that surplus land should be distributed to surplus labour .
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The more successful Du Pont synthetic rubber factory could never mop up the ever-growing pool of surplus labour .
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First, let us look at surplus labour .
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Marx makes three key assumptions in developing the concept of surplus labour .
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First, one can not crudely equate surplus labour , surplus product and surplus-value.
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The open village therefore lost much of its rationale as a reservoir of surplus labour .
land
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The new company assumes responsibility for the profitable development of these sites and any future surplus land .
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Most of the surplus land lies in regions of irregular rainfall.
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The simple proposition behind all agrarian reform was that surplus land should be distributed to surplus labour.
place
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Mr. Fallon I can tell my hon. Friend that 17 of Wolverhampton's 18 secondary schools have surplus places .
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Wolverhampton has already submitted two proposals for surplus places and they have been rejected by the Government.
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Some 6,900 surplus places exist there.
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Our latest survey of school capacity shows that Wolverhampton has nearly 12,000 surplus places .
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He opted to support the councils in reducing surplus places .
property
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In that way housing associations could immediately buy up many of the surplus properties that are currently available on the housing market.
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Personal property managers acquire, distribute, and store supplies, and may sell or dispose of surplus property.
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In addition, the business continued to sell surplus properties as opportunities arose.
value
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The difference between the two is the surplus value which the capitalist can extract from the workers.
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Or how much surplus value must be extracted to make labor cheap?
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The raising of morale has been imposed by management in pursuance of surplus value and the maintenance of managerial authority.
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The method of capital accumulation is the extraction of surplus value .
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In post-colonial economies there is a continuing reliance on raising levels of absolute rather than the relative surplus value of labour.
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In this political economy, surplus value is accumulated by the state, not by individuals.
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Political intervention is needed to realize absolute surplus value .
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The state then determines how this surplus value will be used to serve its objectives and to provide goods to certain actors.
water
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And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.
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Filling up immediately behind the wall with porous material such as ballast or gravel will also help to get rid of surplus water .
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Officials have said the bonds will be retired with surplus water system funds and will result in no tax increase.
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Mulholland had been saying that the city had surplus water sufficient for only ten thousand new arrivals.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
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surplus grain
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Anne bought a surplus Army Jeep.
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The State raised $130 million by selling off surplus land.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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Although Karl Marx's formulation of the theory of surplus value was more sophisticated, his debt to Hodgskin is unmistakable.
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And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.
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Arra said Corrections has frozen all purchases of surplus equipment until a review is completed.
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It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.
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This will continue for as long as the surplus nutrients remain in the water, which may be months.