I.
noun
1 official action to deal with a problem
ADJECTIVE
▪ appropriate , effective , necessary , practical
▪
We urge you to adopt all necessary ~s to guarantee people's safety.
▪ key
▪ extraordinary , special
▪
We had to resort to extraordinary ~s to find employees.
▪ simple
▪ desperate , draconian , drastic , extreme , harsh , radical , repressive , strong , tough
▪ emergency , urgent ( esp. BrE )
▪ interim , short-term , stopgap , temporary
▪ additional
▪ defensive , precautionary , preventative , preventive
▪ disciplinary , punitive
▪ corrective , remedial
▪ protective , safety , security
▪
New security ~s were implemented to prevent further violence.
▪ conservation , control
▪
Development of new water sources needs to be combined with conservation ~s.
▪ austerity , cost-cutting , economy ( esp. BrE ), efficiency
▪ economic , policy
▪ government
… OF MEASURES
▪ package ( esp. BrE ), raft ( BrE ), range ( esp. BrE ), series , set ( esp. AmE )
▪
a package of ~s aimed at cutting pollution
VERB + MEASURE
▪ employ , implement , impose , institute , introduce , take , use
▪
Special ~s are being taken to protect the local water supplies.
▪
The authorities are using increasingly repressive ~s.
▪ adopt , approve , enact , pass
▪
The Committee unanimously approved the ~.
▪ defeat , oppose , veto
▪
The mayor threatened to veto a ~ passed by the city council.
▪ propose , suggest
MEASURE + VERB
▪ be aimed at sth , be designed to , be intended to
PREPOSITION
▪ ~ against
▪
tougher ~s against racism
▪ ~ for
▪
~s for reducing delays
2 amount/quantity of sth
ADJECTIVE
▪ broad , considerable , fair , generous , great , significant , substantial , wide
PREPOSITION
▪ ~ of
▪
He poured me a generous ~ of gin.
PHRASES
▪ in considerable, large, some, etc. ~
▪
His success was due in large ~ to your help.
▪ in equal ~
▪
He's been praised and condemned in equal ~.
▪ in no small ~
3 unit of size/quantity
ADJECTIVE
▪ accurate , direct , fair , objective , precise
▪
This figure alone is not a fair ~ of our success.
▪ broad
▪
GDP is considered the broadest ~ of a country's economic activity.
▪ indirect
▪ important
▪
The price of housing relative to income is an important ~ of real income.
▪ quantitative , statistical
▪
They tried to formulate a quantitative ~ of well-being.
▪ standard , standardized
▪
Higher scores on this standardized ~ indicate greater creativity.
▪ imperial , metric
▪ behavioural/behavioral ( esp. AmE ), performance
▪
Companies can use their stock price as a performance ~.
VERB + MEASURE
▪ calculate , derive , obtain
▪
This ~ is obtained by dividing corporate profits by corporate bond yields.
▪ provide
▪
This figure provides an objective ~ of risk.
PREPOSITION
▪ ~ of
▪
an accurate ~ of length
PHRASES
▪ weights and ~s
4 sign of sth
ADJECTIVE
▪ crude , reliable , simple , true , useful , valid
▪
A reliable ~ of progress is whether your children can do something they couldn't do before.
▪ important
▪
Accepting the lower salary was seen as an important ~ of commitment.
PREPOSITION
▪ ~ of
▪
Landed income was the true ~ of the gentry.
5 ( AmE ) in music ⇨ See also ↑ bar
ADJECTIVE
▪ first , opening
▪
The band began playing the opening ~s.
VERB + MEASURE
▪ hear , play , sing
▪
He placed his fingers on the keys and played a few ~s.
PREPOSITION
▪ ~ of
▪
the first few ~s of Mozart's third violin concerto
▪ per ~ , to a/the ~
▪
a steady rhythm of four beats to a ~
◆◆◆
NOTE: Weights and measures
▪ … of
▪
I always drink gallons of water.
▪ half a … , a quarter of a …
▪
half a pound of ham
▪ a half/quarter hour, inch, mile, ounce, pint, pound
▪
a quarter pound of cheese
▪ cubic … , square …
▪
a maximum flow of 3 300 cubic feet a second
▪ … square
▪
The room is about 25 feet square.
▪ … broad, deep, high, long, tall, thick, wide
▪
The new dock was 230 m long and 92 m wide.
▪ … bigger, cooler, faster, heavier, lighter, slower
▪
The climate was several degrees warmer than it is now.
▪ about … , approximately … , around …
▪
1 kilogram = approx. 2.2 pounds
▪ be … , cover … , measure … , span … , stretch (for) … (used with measures of distance and area)
▪
The National Park covers 3 000 acres.
▪
The sandy beach stretches for over four miles.
▪ be … , weigh … (used with measures of weight)
▪
She weighed over 200 pounds.
▪ be … , last … , take … (used with measures of time)
▪
It takes approximately 365 and a quarter days for the earth to revolve around the sun.
▪ in a …
▪
How many inches are there in a foot?
▪ in …
▪
We were asked to estimate the temperature of the room in degrees centigrade.
▪ to a/the …
▪
My car does 25 miles to the gallon.
▪ a … , per …
▪
They're $4.50 a dozen.
▪
ten ounces of platinum per ton of ore
▪ by the …
▪
Apples are sold by the kilogram.
▪ of …
▪
The path will be built to a width of two and a half feet.
▪ … in area, length, size, volume, weight
▪
Killer whales are up to 30 feet in length.
▪ … by …
▪
a huge room measuring 50 m by 18 m
▪ to the nearest …
▪
Give your answer to the nearest mile.
II.
verb
1 find the size of sth
ADVERB
▪ accurately , exactly , precisely , reliably
▪ empirically , objectively , quantitatively
▪
Education policy places too much emphasis on things that can be quantitatively ~d.
▪ carefully
▪ directly
▪
Any type of data that could not be directly ~d was rejected.
▪ indirectly
▪ easily
▪ experimentally
▪ up
▪
We need to ~ up the room for a new carpet.
VERB + MEASURE
▪ be able to , can
▪
You can now ~ its length more accurately.
▪ be easy to , be possible to
▪ be difficult to , be hard to , be impossible to
PREPOSITION
▪ for
▪
She's being ~d for her wedding outfit.
▪ in
▪
Cloth is ~d in yards.
2 judge the importance/value/effect of sth
ADVERB
▪ easily
▪
The policy's impact cannot be easily ~d.
▪ effectively
▪ objectively
VERB + MEASURE
▪ can
▪ be easy to , be possible to
▪ be difficult to , be hard to , be impossible to
▪
It is hard to ~ the benefits to society of the system.
▪ be used to
▪
the criteria that are used to ~ performance
PREPOSITION
▪ according to
▪
Is it really possible to ~ the skills of such jobs according to objective standards?
▪ against
▪
The school's performance is ~d against a strict set of criteria.
▪ by
▪
The policy's effectiveness cannot be ~d by numbers alone.
▪ in terms of
▪
Success cannot be ~d merely in terms of the size of your salary.
PHRASES
▪ a method of measuring sth , a way of measuring sth
Measure is used with these nouns as the subject: ↑ earthquake , ↑ gauge , ↑ index , ↑ instrument , ↑ plot , ↑ researcher , ↑ room , ↑ test , ↑ thermometer
Measure is used with these nouns as the object: ↑ ability , ↑ achievement , ↑ activity , ↑ angle , ↑ blood pressure , ↑ change , ↑ circumference , ↑ composition , ↑ density , ↑ diameter , ↑ dimension , ↑ distance , ↑ duration , ↑ effect , ↑ effectiveness , ↑ efficiency , ↑ emission , ↑ extent , ↑ fitness , ↑ flow , ↑ frequency , ↑ height , ↑ impact , ↑ incidence , ↑ index , ↑ intensity , ↑ length , ↑ level , ↑ magnitude , ↑ mass , ↑ movement , ↑ number , ↑ outcome , ↑ percentage , ↑ performance , ↑ productivity , ↑ progress , ↑ quality , ↑ radiation , ↑ radioactivity , ↑ rainfall , ↑ rate , ↑ reliability , ↑ risk , ↑ size , ↑ speed , ↑ strength , ↑ success , ↑ temperature , ↑ usage , ↑ value , ↑ voltage , ↑ volume , ↑ width , ↑ worth