POISON


Meaning of POISON in English

I. ˈpȯiz ə n, dial ˈpīz- noun

( -s )

Etymology: Middle English poisoun, poison, from Old French poison drink, philter, poisonous drink, poison, from Latin potion-, potio drink, from potus (past participle of potare to drink) + -ion-, -io -ion — more at potable

1.

a. : a substance (as a drug) that in suitable quantities has properties harmful or fatal to an organism when it is brought into contact with or absorbed by the organism : a substance that through its chemical action usually kills, injures, or impairs an organism

strychnine, carbon monoxide, and other poisons

— compare economic poison , pesticide , toxin , venom

b.

(1) : something destructive or harmful to the success, prosperity, or happiness of something else

were generally considered boxoffice poison — Edith Isaacs

are plain political poison — J.T.Norman

(2) : something that undermines, interferes with, or blights the progress, activity, or welfare of something else

her life was ruined by the poison of lying gossip

(3) : something that causes something else to become tainted, corrupted, rotten, or perverted

the poison of bad example

c.

(1) : something obnoxious, disgusting, or nauseating

most stage juveniles, especially in musicals, are pure poison — John Mason Brown

(2) : something totally at variance with one's tastes or inclinations : an object of aversion or abhorrence : something to be avoided

diversions of that kind were pure poison to him

2. slang : alcoholic drink ; especially : strong liquor

3. : a substance that inhibits the activity of another substance or the course of a reaction or process (as catalytic action, fluorescence, thermionic emission, nuclear fission)

a catalyst poison

fission poisons

4. or poison circle or poison spot : a game in which each player of a circle of players tries to force another into a designated central area so as to make him it

Synonyms:

venom , virus , toxin , bane : poison now refers to any matter that is lethal or very noxious (as strychnine, arsenic, carbon monoxide) or to anything thought of as having a similar effect

a populace whose emotional life has been drugged by the sugared poison of pseudo art — Roger Fry

the nineteenth century had brought this new poison of mystic tribalism into the common life of Europe — Stringfellow Barr

venom may refer to a poison interjected with fierce malignant hostility

the venom of the rattlesnake

virus may refer to a submicroscopic agency of infection working with insidious deadliness or deleteriousness

the virus of infantile paralysis

toxin , less used in figurative senses than others in this group, may refer to a destructive toxic substance generated within a plant or animal body

the bacterial toxins, such as those of the organisms causing diphtheria, tetanus and botulism — W.A.Hagan

bane may apply to any cause of ruin, destruction, or great tribulation; in compounds it may designate poisonous substances and things

the military mania which has been the bane of some countries

rats bane

II. verb

( poisoned ; poisoned ; poisoning -z( ə )niŋ ; poisons )

Etymology: Middle English poisonen, from poisoun, poison, n.

transitive verb

1.

a.

(1) : to give poison to : kill or injure by means of poison

was accused of poisoning her husband

(2) : to put poison on or into

poisoning an arrow

poisoned the water

(3) : to taint, infect, or impregnate with poison

poisoned the air with its fumes

b. : to produce an abnormal condition in through the action of a poison or toxic substance

blood that has been poisoned by infection

2.

a.

(1) : to exert a baneful influence on : corrupt , vitiate , pervert

poisoning minds with evil propaganda

(2) : to cause to be unfavorably disposed toward a person

malicious tales of that kind poisoned nearly everyone against him

b.

(1) : to destroy, harm, or otherwise affect adversely as if by poison

aching in mind and body, poisoned with fatigue — Felix Riesenberg

(2) : to taint, infect, or impregnate as if with poison

even such harmless pleasures were poisoned with suspicion — Virginia Woolf

c. : to make unfit (as for some indicated or implied use or purpose) through the addition or application of something

poisoned the soup with too much salt

parts of it were so dry and poisoned with alkali dust that no life existed there — S.H.Adams

3.

a. : to inhibit the activity of (as a catalyst) — compare promote

b. : to inhibit the course or occurrence of (as a reaction or phenomenon)

intransitive verb

: to put poison into or on something

was in the lower field next day, poisoning — G.S.Perry

III. adjective

Etymology: poison (I)

1. : poisonous

a poison plant

a poison drink

: venomous

talk about poison tongues — Dan Wickenden

2. : poisoned

a poison arrow

IV. adverb

chiefly dialect : extremely , very

was poison pretty — Maristan Chapman

is a poison bad world — R.L.Stevenson

Webster's New International English Dictionary.      Новый международный словарь английского языка Webster.